How to download file from linux to windows

Data transfer between Linux and Windows: Step-by-step guide

Copying data from one device to another is often considered an intimidating process. Transferring data from one operating system to another, such as from Windows to Linux or the other way, can be even more stressful. While the process of transferring data on cross-platforms such as in between Windows and Linux can be a little tricky, with the right tools and some accommodation, the process can be surprisingly easy.

While Windows is the go-to operating system for many, Linux is gaining traction and is being used by many across the globe for personal and professional use. Therefore, sharing files between these two can be crucial more often now. In this article, we are going to understand different ways of easily copying data between Linux and Windows.

Using SSH

Secure Shell (SSH) protocol is a method for secure remote login and file transfer. To use SSH for transferring data between Windows and Linux, we will first need an SSH client such as PuTTY. For the readers who do not have PuTTY installed on their computers, you can easily download, install, and set up PuTTY from putty.org for free. PuTTY comes with a terminal emulator for remote logins and also comes with tools like pscp (PuTTY secure copy client). PuTTY’s pscp allows users to securely copy files between Windows and Linux systems.

Users first need to download and install PuTTY pscp or other tools from here for the Windows and have an SSH-server setup and running on the Linux system. Also, note that port 22 needs to be open to allow the connections.

To install an SSH server, Debian based Linux systems such as Ubuntu can use these commands:

For Red Hat and other related Linux systems,

With PuTTY’s pscp, moving files between Windows and Linux is straightforward. We need to give the path information of source and destination. You will also be needing the IP address of the Linux device, which can be found out using the ipconfig command. Here is the command structure to transfer data using pscp:

For example, to copy a file called “file.txt” located in Windows to a tmp directory in Linux, use this command:

In the above command, 192.168.0.18 is a sample IP address of the Linux system. You will also be asked for the password to the Linux system after executing the above command. Once provided with a password, you will see the file being transferred along with other details such as the time it took to copy, transfer speeds, ETA, and transfer percentage.

To copy data from Linux to Windows, we just need to reverse the parameters.

Using FTP

Using File Transfer Protocol is one of the easiest ways of transferring files between Windows and Linux operating systems. To transfer data between Windows and Linux, we will be using SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol), which uses both SSH and FTP to transfer the data securely.

However, just like transferring data using SSH, SFTP also needs the Linux device to have the SSH server configured and running. Both the Windows and Linux operating systems need an FTP client like FileZilla installed, which supports SFTP.

To transfer data between Windows and Linux, simply open FileZilla on a Windows machine and follow the below steps:

• Navigate and open File > Site Manager.
• Click a New Site.
• Set the Protocol to SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol).
• Set the Hostname to the IP address of the Linux machine.
• Set the Logon Type as Normal.
• Add the username and password of the Linux machine .
• Click on connect.

Once connected, you can simply drag-and-drop all the necessary files between Linux and Windows machines.

Sharing network folders

Making a folder accessible over a network is the most straightforward approach to share files between Windows and Linux machines. However, this approach is fundamentally different from others. By creating shared network folders, we are mounting a Windows directory on Linux or a Linux directory on Windows over a network. Therefore, this approach will allow users to use the same files and folders in both Windows and Linux simultaneously.

Starting the setup with a Windows machine, users need to first edit the network connections. To do so, right-click on the network connection icon available on the systems tray.

Then select Open Network & Internet Settings, and click Sharing options and enable the following.

• Turn on network discovery.
• Turn on file and printer sharing.

Save the changes and navigate to the folder in the file system you wish to share over the network. Right-click on the folder and select Properties. Then open the Sharing tab and click on Advanced Sharing and select the Share this folder checkbox. You can also manage the permissions by clicking on the Permissions button on the same page. Once everything is done, apply, and save the settings.

To access this Windows directory on your Linux system, simply open the Linux system’s file browser and select Network. Now, navigate to the Windows-hosted folder, and you can start exchanging the data.

To share a folder from the Linux system to Windows, you will need a package or a tool that emulates the Windows protocols in a Linux machine allowing it to share and access data with a Windows machine. Samba is one such very widely used powerful tool that can allow users to mount any Linux folder on Windows and Windows folder on Linux.

Apart from these standard methods of transferring data between Linux and Windows OS, you can use any of the several third-party applications that allow you to transfer data between different machines running on different operating systems. However, all these third-party applications usually use any of the standard protocols such as SSH or FTP beneath to transfer the data.

Featured image: Shutterstock / TechGenix photo illustration

Источник

How To Copy Files From Linux To Windows?

To copy a file from Windows to Linux with PuTTY, proceed as follows (on the Windows machine): Start PSCP.

• Start WinSCP.
• Enter the hostname of the SSH server (in our case sun ) and username ( tux ).
• Click Login and acknowledge the following warning.
• Drag and drop any files or directories from or to your WinSCP window.

How copy file from Linux to Windows command line?

The best way to copy files from Windows to Linux using the command line is through pscp. It is very easy and secure. For pscp to work on your windows machine, you need it add its executable to your systems path. Once it is done, you can use the following format to copy the file.

Can I use PuTTY to transfer files?

Install PuTTY SCP (PSCP) PSCP is a tool for transferring files securely between computers using an SSH connection. Move the client program file to a convenient location in your Programs folders and make a note of the location. To open a Command Prompt window, from the Start menu, click Run.

How do I SCP to Windows?

To SCP a file to a Windows machine, you need an SSH/SCP server on the Windows.

1. Step 1: Download pscp.
2. Step 2: Get familiar with the pscp commands.
3. Step 3: Transfer file from your Linux machine to Windows machine.

If this is what you’re using, you can follow these steps to access your Windows shared folder:

• Open Nautilus.
• From the File menu, select Connect to Server
• In the Service type: drop-down box, choose Windows share.
• In the Server: field, enter the name of your computer.
• Click Connect.

How do I copy files in Linux?

Linux Copy File Examples

1. Copy a file to another directory. To copy a file from your current directory into another directory called /tmp/, enter:
2. Verbose option. To see files as they are copied pass the -v option as follows to the cp command:
3. Preserve file attributes.
4. Copying all files.
5. Recursive copy.

How do I copy a file from Windows to Linux using Pscp?

To copy a file or files using PSCP, open a command window and change to the directory in which you saved pscp.exe. Then type pscp, followed by the path that identifies the files to copy and the target directory, as in this example. Press Enter, then follow your authentication procedures to execute the transfer.

How do I export my PuTTY sessions?

• Launch Run, then type in the Open drop down window: regedit.
• Navigate to, just like in Window’s Explorer: HKEY_CURRENT_USERSoftwareSimonTatham.
• Right click on ‘SimonTatham’ key (directory icon), select Export. Give the file a name (say) putty.reg and save it to your location for. later use.
• Close Registry Editor.

How do I download files from PuTTY to Windows?

2 Answers

1. Download PSCP.EXE from Putty download page.
2. Open command prompt and type set PATH=

How do I copy files from Linux to Windows using PuTTY?

To copy a file from Windows to Linux with PuTTY, proceed as follows (on the Windows machine): Start PSCP.

• Start WinSCP.
• Enter the hostname of the SSH server and username.
• Click Login and acknowledge the following warning.
• Drag and drop any files or directories from or to your WinSCP window.

Can I use SCP in Windows?

4 Answers. You have not mentioned a remote server. scp uses : to delimit the host and path, so it thinks you have asked it to download a file at the path UsersAdminDesktopWMU5260A2.c from the host C to your local home directory. You can use PSCP to copy files from Windows to Linux.

What is SCP command in Windows?

scp stands for Secure Copy Protocol. It is a secure file transfer protocol that copies files to and from hosts. It uses Secure Shell (SSH) to keep the files protected while in transit. scp is a command line utility, meaning you will have to use Terminal (Mac) or Command Prompt (Windows).

How do I SCP files?

How to Use SCP Command to Securely Transfer Files

1. SCP Command Syntax.
2. Before you Begin.
3. Copy Files and Directories Between Two Systems with SCP. Copy a Local File to a Remote System with the scp Command. Copy a Remote File to a Local System using the scp Command. Copy a File Between Two Remote Systems using the scp Command.

How do I access a Windows network drive from Ubuntu?

To access the Windows 7 shared folder from Ubuntu, you have to use the Connect to Serveroption. From the top menu toolbar click on Places and then on Connect to Server. From the Service type drop-down menu, select Windows share. In the Server text filed type the name or the IP Address of the Windows 7 computer.

Steps

• Use NFS (Network File System) to share files between Linux computers on a local network.
• Understand how NFS works.
• Open the terminal on the server computer.
• Type.
• After installation, type.
• Type.
• Make a dummy directory that will be used to share the data.
• Type pico /etc/fstab and press ↵ Enter .

Can I access Windows files from Linux?

Accessing Linux Data on Your Windows Box. If you’re dual-booting and have booted into Windows, you may want to reach your Linux data. While Windows can’t natively do this, there are a number of Windows programs available that make this possible. Ext2 Installable File System for Windows.

How do I transfer files from Windows to Linux?

To copy a file from Windows to Linux with PuTTY, proceed as follows (on the Windows machine): Start PSCP.

1. Start WinSCP.
2. Enter the hostname of the SSH server and username.
3. Click Login and acknowledge the following warning.
4. Drag and drop any files or directories from or to your WinSCP window.

How do I copy files in Ubuntu?

Copy and paste files

• Select the file you want to copy by clicking on it once.
• Right-click and pick Copy, or press Ctrl + C .
• Navigate to another folder, where you want to put the copy of the file.

Which command is used to copy files?

cp stands for copy. This command is used to copy files or group of files or directory.

How copy file from server to local machine?

How to copy a file from a remote server to a local machine?

1. If you find yourself copying with scp often, you can mount the remote directory in your file browser and drag-and-drop. On my Ubuntu 15 host, it’s under the menu bar “Go” > “Enter Location” > debian@10.42.4.66:/home/debian .
2. Give rsync a try. It’s great both for local and remote copies, gives you copy progress, etc.

How do I transfer files from Windows to FTP using Unix?

To use FTP commands at Windows command prompt

• Open a command prompt and navigate to the folder containing the files that you want to transfer, then press ENTER.
• At the C:> prompt, type FTP.
• At the ftp> prompt, type open followed by the name of the remote FTP site, then press ENTER.

How do I transfer files from Unix to Windows using PuTTY?

1 Answer

1. Download PSCP.EXE from Putty download page.
2. Open command prompt and type set PATH=

How do I copy a PuTTY output?

From the PuTTY manual: PuTTY’s copy and paste works entirely with the mouse. In order to copy text to the clipboard, you just click the left mouse button in the terminal window, and drag to select text. When you let go of the button, the text is automatically copied to the clipboard.

How do I download a Linux VPS file?

How to download large files from Linux server using command line

• Step 1 : Login to the server using the SSH login details.
• Step 2 : Since we are using ‘Zip’ for this example, the server must have Zip installed.
• Step 3 : Compress the file or folder you want to download.
• For file :
• For folder :
• Step 4 : Now download the file using the following command.

How do I use PuTTY?

The “putty.exe” download is good for basic SSH.

1. Save the download to your C:WINDOWS folder.
2. If you want to make a link to PuTTY on your desktop:
3. Double-click on the putty.exe program or the desktop shortcut to launch the application.
4. Enter your connection settings:
5. Click Open to start the SSH session.

How do I transfer files from Windows Filezilla to Linux?

Transferring files to a Linux server by using FileZilla

• Download and install FileZilla. For most users, the default installation options are OK.
• Start FileZilla and navigate to Edit > Settings > Connection > SFTP.
• If your server allows to connect with an SSH Key: Download .pem file on siterobot.io.
• File > Site Manager.
• Connect to the new server.

How do I copy and paste in PuTTY in Linux?

From the PuTTY manual: PuTTY’s copy and paste works entirely with the mouse. In order to copy text to the clipboard, you just click the left mouse button in the terminal window, and drag to select text.

How use WinSCP Linux?

Transferring files to a Linux server by using WinSCP

1. Download and install WinSCP.
2. Start WinSCP.
3. At the WinSCP login screen, for Host name, enter the public DNS address for your instance.
4. For User name, enter the default user name for your server.
5. Specify the private key for your instance.

Источник

Windows 10 now has OpenSSH built in.
https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/openssh/openssh_install_firstuse

Get an admin command prompt

Open PowerShell as an Administrator.

Check available versions

Get-WindowsCapability -Online | ? Name -like 'OpenSSH*'

Install client

Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Client~~~~0.0.1.0

Install server

Add-WindowsCapability -Online -Name OpenSSH.Server~~~~0.0.1.0

Start server and enable at boot

Start-Service sshd
Set-Service -Name sshd -StartupType 'Automatic'

Find your Windows IP address

ipconfig

On your remote (Linux) machine, find your IP address.

ifconfig

Create a public SSH key

ssh-keygen.exe

Copy public key from local (Windows) to remote (Linux) machine so you don’t have to type in a password all the time.

Note that ssh-copy-id is not currently available on Windows.

cat C:UsersYOU/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh USER@REMOTE_IP 'mkdir -p ~/.ssh && cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys'

Do the same on your Linux machine (Note, ssh-copy-id does not work)

ssh-keygen # if needed
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh USER@WINDOWS_IP 'mkdir -p ~/.ssh && type con >> C:/Users/YOU/.ssh/authorized_keys'

• The method above did not work for me, so I ended up manually SCPing the public key over and pasting it into the C:/Users/YOU/.ssh/authorized_keys file.

• That still did not work, so I had to modify the sshd_config file.

  • Open Notepad as Administrator

  • Open %programdata%sshsshd_config

  • Add the following lines:

        Match User YOU
             AuthorizedKeysFile C:/Users/YOU/.ssh/authorized_keys

• Reboot

Create a password on Windows if you don’t already have one

System Settings...Sign-in options

— Note, you can still disable the Windows login screen by a) Setting the ‘Require sign-in’ option to never and b) Using the ‘netplwiz’ command and unticking the ‘Users must enter password…’ checkbox.

Now you should be able to SSH or SCP from your Linux machine

scp FILE WINDOWS_IP:C:/Users/YOU/Desktop

Копирование файлов через SSH

В статье мы расскажем, как копировать файлы в Windows и Linux-системах, и покажем основные команды, с помощью которых происходит передача файлов по SSH.

Для копирования файлов по SSH в Linux-системах и Windows используют разные инструменты:

Копирование файлов по SSH на Linux

Для Linux копирование файлов по SSH происходит с использованием команды scp. С её помощью можно копировать файлы:

scp [опция] [источник] [получатель]

Как скопировать файл по SSH с локальной машины на удалённый сервер

Как загрузить файл на сервер по SSH? Для этого используйте команду вида:

scp [путь к файлу] [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу]

scp /home/test.txt root@123.123.123.123:/directory

Файл test.txt будет скопирован на хост 123.123.123.123 в директорию «/directory».

Как скопировать файлы с удалённого сервера на локальный компьютер

При подключённом SSH скачать файл на локальный компьютер с удалённого сервера можно с помощью команды:

scp [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу] [путь к файлу]

scp root@123.123.123.123:/home/test.txt /directory

Файл test.txt будет загружен с сервера 123.123.123.123 на локальный компьютер в папку «/directory».

Как скачать папку со всеми файлами и подпапками

Если вы хотите скачать папку со всеми файлами и подпапками, используйте ключ -r:

Как подключиться к серверу по нестандартному порту

Бывает, что для подключения по SSH нужно указать нестандартный порт. Без указания порта команда подключается к серверу по стандартному 22 порту. Чтобы указать нестандартный порт, введите команду с ключём -P:

Эта команда подключается по порту 12345 к серверу 123.123.123.123 и копирует на него файл «test.txt» с локального компьютера в директорию «/directory».

Как передать и скачать файлы по SSH на Windows

Скопировать файл по SSH на сервер можно командой:

pscp [путь к файлу] [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу]

Скачать файл по SSH с сервера командой:

pscp [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу] [путь к файлу]

Увидеть список папок и файлов на сервере можно через pscp.exe. Для этого введите:

Если в пути или в названии файла есть пробелы, используйте кавычки:

pscp “C:files or docsfile name” root@123.123.123.123:/home

Источник

Копирование файлов scp

Если у вас есть домашний сервер или сервер в интернете, то вам понадобится способ для безопасного перемещения файлов между машинами. Между локальными машинами мы могли бы просто переносить данные с помощью флешки, но на удаленный сервер нужно передавать данные только через сеть. Есть много способов реализации этой задачи.

В этой статье мы рассмотрим как выполняется копирование файлов с помощью утилиты scp (Secure Copy Command), а также что из себя представляет команда Linux scp. При передаче файлы шифруются, так что больше никто не сможет получить к ним доступ и самое интересное, что вам не нужно настраивать FTP или другое дополнительное программное обеспечение. Будет достаточно сервера SSH.

Что такое SCP?

Копирование файлов scp

Эта статья рассчитана в первую очередь на начинающих, поэтому я попытаюсь объяснять все как можно подробнее. Перед тем, как мы перейдем к практике, нужно рассмотреть общий синтаксис команды:

$ scp опции пользователь1@хост1 : файл пользователь2@хост2: файл

Опции утилиты больше касаются протокола SSH и настраивают общее ее поведение. Дальше следует адрес первого и второго файла. Каждый из них может быть расположен как на локальной, так и на удаленной машине. А теперь рассмотрим основные опции, которые могут нам понадобиться:

scp /home/sergiy/file root@losst.ru:/root/

В качестве пользователя нужно использовать любого пользователя, который есть на сервере. Вместо IP вы можете также домен сервера. Только необходимо, чтобы у выбранного пользователя были права записи в указанную папку.

Убедитесь, что у исходного каталога нет косой черты, а у каталога назначения она должна обязательно быть. Немного изменив синтаксис с косой чертой можно передать все файлы из каталога на удаленный сервер:

Если поменять местами локальный путь и сервер, то вы сможете копировать файлы scp c удаленного сервера на локальный компьютер:

scp root@losst.ru:/root/file /home/sergiy/

Таким же самым образом вы можете копирование файлов scp или папок с сервера:

Обратите внимание, что папка, в которую вы собираетесь копировать должна завершаться косой чертой, иначе папка, которую вы копируете запишется вместо той, в которую нужно скопировать.

Чтобы скачать файл scp из одного сервера на другой, просто необходимо указать данные аутентификации на каждом из них. Например, скопируем один файл:

scp root@losst.ru:/home/root/index.html root@losst.ru:/home/root/www/

Скопируем папку с того же удаленного сервера:

scp root@losst.ru:/root/photos root@losst.ru:/home/root/www/

Выводы

В этой статье мы рассмотрели как выполняется передача файлов scp, как это работает и что вы можете сделать с помощью этой утилиты. Как вы видите, перемещать файлы с одного сервера на другой очень просто. В Linux достаточно понять основы чтобы начать работать эффективнее! А команда scp один из таких инструментов.

Источник

Previously we have shown you how to remotely connect to your Linux machine from a Windows one (Click here). Now, what if you need to transfer some files between your Windows and Linux systems?

Well, a USB drive comes handy for simple data transfers. For a large number of files at different times, you need another efficient method. Transferring your data between Linux and Windows using your local network is the recommended option. With an easy and quick one time setup, you can share your files between various machines.

File Sharing between Linux and Windows Systems

In this tutorial, we shall walk you through sharing your files between Ubuntu and Windows machines over a local network, and we shall also show you how to transfer files between Windows and Linux on the same PC.

Over the Network

Transferring files between Ubuntu and Windows can be done in many ways, but in this tutorial, we are going to discuss the following popular methods:

1. Transfer files between Ubuntu and Windows via the SSH.
2. Transfer files between Ubuntu and Windows using Samba.
3. Transfer files between Ubuntu and Windows using Shared Network Folders.

Method 1: Transfer Files Between Ubuntu And Windows Via SSH

In this method, you need to install and enable SSH service on Ubuntu. Also, we need an SSH client application on Windows. In this tutorial, we shall be using Putty. Next, we are going to use the command line to share your files across the network.

Step 1. Install the SSH package on Ubuntu using the next command.

sudo apt install openssh-server

Step 2. After installation finishes successfully, you can check the SSH service status using the following command.

sudo service ssh status

The output of the command should look like the below screenshot:

If the service is not running, you can use the following command to start it:

sudo service ssh start

Also, to enable the SSH service to start every time your system starts up, you can use the following command:

sudo service ssh enable

Step 3. Install the net-tools package.

sudo apt install net-tools

Step 4. Execute the next command to get your Ubuntu machine IP.

ifconfig

Step 5. From your Windows machine, we need an SSH client (which is Putty) and a PSCP. PSCP is considered a secure copy tool that is used alongside with Putty to transfer files securely over a network.

You can download both (Putty and PSCP) from the Putty official website. (Click here.) Kindly note that Putty will need to be installed while the PSCP won’t. You have to put the PSCP.exe in the “C:” drive to be used, as you should see shortly.

Step 6. Now open the file explorer and use the next command to start transferring your files from your Windows machine to Ubuntu.

c:pscp "C:Ubuntu TutorialsWindows Shared FolderWindows Shared Folder.txt" hendadel@192.168.1.8:windowssharedfile.txt

Step 7. Next, you should enter your Ubuntu password.

Step 8. After entering the password successfully, the command shall copy the text file from your Windows machine to your Ubuntu home. You can check your home directory now, and you should find the file there.

Step 9. Now in case you need to transfer your files from Ubuntu machine to Windows, open the file explorer from your Windows machine and use the next command. Be careful, and do not forget the dot at the end of the command.

c:pscp hendadel@192.168.1.8:ubuntushared .

By executing the previous command, you should enter the password of your Ubuntu machine. Next, the file gets transferred from Ubuntu to the Windows current directory.

Method 2: Transfer Files Via Samba

In this method, we are going to install the Samba package on Ubuntu. Moreover, use the Windows run application to connect to the Ubuntu shared directories.

Step 1. Install the Samba package on Ubuntu using the following command.

sudo apt install samba

Step 2. You can set a password to the samba share as follows.

sudo smbpasswd -a hendadel

where hendadel is an Ubuntu user that you shall use while accessing the Ubuntu shared directory.

Step 3. Let’s create a directory that is used for sharing your files.

mkdir /home/hendadel/UbuntuSharedDir

Step 4. Using your favorite text editor, open the samba configuration file.

sudo vi /etc/samba/smb.conf

Step 5. Add the next lines at the end of the samba configuration file.

[UbuntuSharedDir]
path = /home/hendadel/UbuntuSharedDir
available = yes
valid users = hendadel
read only = no
browsable = yes
public = yes
writable = yes

The samba configuration file should like the below:

Save and exit the samba configuration file.

Step 6. Restart the samba service using the following command:

sudo service smbd restart

Step 7. From the Windows machine, open the run application from the Start menu and enter the Ubuntu machine IP with the shared directory name as follows.

\192.168.1.8UbuntuSharedDir

Press the OK button to continue.

Step 8. A Windows Security message will appear, you should have to enter your samba username and password. Then press the OK button to continue.

Step 9. Now you should have access to your Ubuntu shared directory, and you can transfer files.

Method 3: Shared Network Folders

This is the easiest method among all. In this method, we share any folder from the Windows machine to be visible in the Ubuntu machine.

Step 1. From the Windows machine, right-click on the network connections icon in the right bottom of the taskbar.

Step 2. Choose the “Open Network & Internet Settings.”

Step 3. Next, choose “Sharing Options.”

Step 4. Now from your current network profile, choose the following options:

• Turn on network discovery.
• Turn on file and printer sharing.

Don’t forget to save your changes.

Step 5. Now open your file explorer and go to the directory that you need to share. Right-click on the folder then select Properties.

Step 6. After opening the folder properties, let’s choose the Sharing tab. Also, select the Advanced Sharing button.

Step 7. Mark “Share this folder” box.

In case you need to set permissions on the shared folder like (Read, Write), you can select the permissions button and set your permissions.

Press the OK button to continue.

Step 8. Now from the Ubuntu machine, open the file browser.

Step 9. From the left panel, choose “Other Locations.”

Step 10. In the bottom bar, enter your Windows machine IP and path to the shared folder as follows:

smb://192.168.1.6/Windows Shared Folder

Then press the Connect button.

Step 11. An authentication message should appear. Enter your username and password. Press the Connect button to continue.

Step 12. Next, you should be able to see your Windows shared folder. Now you can transfer files between the two machines.

Transferring files between Windows and Linux on the same machine

Previously, we looked at how we can share files between a Linux PC and a Windows PC over a network. Some of the utilities used included SSH, Samba, and Shared Network Folders. Here, we will look at a relatively similar situation only that this time around, it will be on the same machine.

You might be wondering why can’t we copy files directly from a Linux partition to a Windows partition and Vice-versa? The simple answer is that; It will work for one but doesn’t work for the other. Let’s look at the reasons behind this.

Why it isn’t easy

The NTFS partition format used by Windows doesn’t support Linux file permissions. Therefore, we can’t consider installing Linux on an NTFS partition other than the Ext4. On the other hand, Windows cannot read the Linux file system even though Linux systems can read an NTFS partition. In most cases, the Linux partition is not listed in the “This PC” section on Windows in a dual boot. Therefore, you can copy a file from the Windows partition on Linux but not the vice-versa.

A simple solution

With the above information in mind, we need to find a way to favor both operating systems and wouldn’t pose any data corruption issues. For example, if you delete or alter any file in the Windows partition while accessing it with Linux, there is a high probability that Windows might raise some errors on boot.

Since Linux can’t run on an NTFS or FAT32 partition and Windows can’t read a Linux file system, we will need to configure a third partition that can be accessed by both operating systems. This third partition will contain commonly shared files between the two. Let’s call it the SharedPartition.

We can use other methods to share files, including external storage like USB or online storage like Google Drive and DropBox. However, these are tedious as one will require a reboot to switch from one OS to another while the other method is dependent on bandwidth.

Create a SharedPartition

Whether you have an SSD or Hard drive, we will require at least Four partitions:

• Linux Partition
• Windows Partition
• A SWAP space
• The SharedPartition (NTFS)

I believe you already have the first three. To create the SharedPartition, you can safely check our post on ‘Creating or resizing partitions in Linux.‘ Ensure you format it to NTFS. Additionally, you might need to understand the partition Table used on your Drives. That can be GPT or MBR. Our post on ‘Booting Linux or Windows from a USB drive‘ gives you a comprehensive guide on this. You will also understand the advantage of one over the other.

Up to here, we already have a SharedPartition that can be accessed by both Operating Systems. However, we might need to perform some configurations like Auto-mount on Linux and setting it as the default location for various files.

Configure Auto-Mount on Linux

We will need to execute several commands on the command-line. If you are just getting started with, don’t panic. Please copy and paste the commands as they are below. Our Linux distribution of choice in this post is Ubuntu 20.04 LTS.

Note: Remember to replace the name SharedPartition with the label of your new partition in any of the commands.

Step 1. Install the ntfs-3g driver, which enables Linux to read and write NTFS partitions.

sudo apt install ntfs-3g

Step 2. Create a directory where we will mount our new partition.

sudo mkdir /media/SharedPartition

Step 3. Get the UUID (universally unique identifier) of the new SharedPartition with the command below.

sudo blkid

You should see an output like this.

Copy the UUID of the SharedPartition. The UUID identifies the partition in the /etc/fstab file.

Step 4. Since we will be editing the /etc/fstab file, create a backup with the command below.

sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup

Step 5. Execute the command below to edit /etc/fstab using the nano editor.

sudo nano /etc/fstab

You should see a window like the one below. Add the following line at the end but remember to replace the UUID with yours.

# SharedStorage
UUID=66E53AEC54455DB2 /media/SharedPartition/ ntfs-3g auto,user,rw 0 0

After this step, reboot your PC. You should now see the SharedPartition mounted under the ‘Other Locations’ menu.

Configure your Special Folders (Linux)

Special folders in Linux are those present on your Home directory. They include Desktop, Documents, Videos, etc. Execute the below command to edit their paths.

sudo nano .config/user-dirs.dirs

Now, we need to edit the paths to point to our SharedPartition mounted in /media/SharedPartition. For example, for Downloads, we will add the path “/media/SharedPartition/Downloads” and delete the “$HOME/Downloads” path. After applying the changes, you should have something similar to this:

Save your changes and close the Nano editor.

Configure your Special Folders (Windows)

Step 1. Open the File Explorer and type %userprofile% on the address bar. Hit enter.

Step 2. Select a folder, say Downloads, that you want to access in both operating systems. Right-click and select the properties option.

Step 3. On the pop-up window that opens, select the Location tab.

You will see the default path to your Downloads location.

Step 4. Click on the Move button. That will open a window where you will select your new Downloads path. Navigate to your SharedPartition and choose the Downloads folder already created in Linux. Click on the Select Folder button.

Step 5. Click on the Apply button to set the changes.

You will see a pop-up window prompting you to move the content in the old folder to this new location. Click OK.

That’s it. You can now proceed to do the same for the other Folders. Now, anything you save on these folders, e.g., Documents on Windows, will be accessible on Linux in the Documents directory.

Using another partition to share files between the two operating systems is the most reliable option since Windows cannot read the Linux file system without using third-party software. With this method, you don’t need to have duplicate files. Both operating systems can read and write on the same partition.

В статье мы расскажем, как копировать файлы в Windows и Linux-системах, и покажем основные команды, с помощью которых происходит передача файлов по SSH.

Для копирования файлов по SSH в Linux-системах и Windows используют разные инструменты:

• scp (Secure CoPy) — утилита для безопасного копирования данных между Linux-системами по протоколу SSH. Она входит в состав OpenSSH, поэтому для работы с утилитой не нужно устанавливать дополнительное ПО;
• pscp.exe — утилита для загрузки файлов по SSH в ОС Windows. Она обладает теми же возможностями, что и scp. Утилита входит в состав программы Putty — SSH-клиента для Windows. Скачать программу можно по ссылке.

Копирование файлов по SSH на Linux

Для Linux копирование файлов по SSH происходит с использованием команды scp. С её помощью можно копировать файлы:

• с локального компьютера на удалённый сервер,
• с удалённого сервера на локальный компьютер,
• с одного удалённого сервера на другой.

Общий вид команды:

scp [опция] [источник] [получатель]

Как скопировать файл по SSH с локальной машины на удалённый сервер

Как загрузить файл на сервер по SSH? Для этого используйте команду вида:

scp [путь к файлу] [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу]

Пример команды:

scp /home/test.txt root@123.123.123.123:/directory

Файл test.txt будет скопирован на хост 123.123.123.123 в директорию «/directory».

Как скопировать файлы с удалённого сервера на локальный компьютер

При подключённом SSH скачать файл на локальный компьютер с удалённого сервера можно с помощью команды:

scp [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу] [путь к файлу]

Пример команды:

scp root@123.123.123.123:/home/test.txt /directory

Файл test.txt будет загружен с сервера 123.123.123.123 на локальный компьютер в папку «/directory».

Как скопировать файл по SSH с одного удалённого сервера на другой

Подключитесь по SSH к серверу, на котором расположен файл. Затем выполните команду:

scp [путь к файлу] [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу]

Пример команды:

scp /home/test.txt root@123.123.123.123:/directory

Файл test.txt будет скопирован на хост 123.123.123.123 в директорию «/directory».

Как скачать папку со всеми файлами и подпапками

Если вы хотите скачать папку со всеми файлами и подпапками, используйте ключ -r:

scp -r [источник] [получатель]

Как подключиться к серверу по нестандартному порту

Бывает, что для подключения по SSH нужно указать нестандартный порт. Без указания порта команда подключается к серверу по стандартному 22 порту. Чтобы указать нестандартный порт, введите команду с ключом -P:

scp -P [источник] [получатель]

Пример команды:

scp -P 12345 /home/test.txt root@123.123.123.123:/directory

Эта команда подключается по порту 12345 к серверу 123.123.123.123 и копирует на него файл «test.txt» с локального компьютера в директорию «/directory».

Как передать и скачать файлы по SSH на Windows

Скопировать файл по SSH на сервер можно командой:

pscp [путь к файлу] [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу]

Скачать файл по SSH с сервера командой:

pscp [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь к файлу] [путь к файлу]

Увидеть список папок и файлов на сервере можно через pscp.exe. Для этого введите:

pscp -ls [имя пользователя]@[имя сервера/ip-адрес]:[путь]

Если в пути или в названии файла есть пробелы, используйте кавычки:

pscp “C:files or docsfile name” root@123.123.123.123:/home