Как установить flutter на windows 7

System requirements

To install and run Flutter,
your development environment must meet these minimum requirements:

• Operating Systems: Windows 10 or later (64-bit), x86-64 based.
• Disk Space: 1.64 GB (does not include disk space for IDE/tools).
• Tools: Flutter depends on these tools being available in your environment.
  • Windows PowerShell 5.0 or newer (this is pre-installed with Windows 10)

  • Git for Windows 2.x, with the
    Use Git from the Windows Command Prompt option.

    If Git for Windows is already installed,
    make sure you can run git commands from the
    command prompt or PowerShell.

Get the Flutter SDK

1. Download the following installation bundle to get the latest
   stable release of the Flutter SDK:

   (loading…)

   For other release channels, and older builds,
   see the SDK releases page.

2. Extract the zip file and place the contained flutter
   in the desired installation location for the Flutter SDK
   (for example, C:srcflutter).

If you don’t want to install a fixed version of the installation
bundle, you can skip steps 1 and 2. Instead, get the source code
from the Flutter repo on
GitHub, and change branches or tags as needed. For example:

C:src>git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git -b stable

You are now ready to run Flutter commands in the Flutter Console.

Update your path

If you wish to run Flutter commands in the regular Windows console,
take these steps to add Flutter to the PATH environment variable:

• From the Start search bar, enter ‘env’
  and select Edit environment variables for your account.
• Under User variables check if there is an entry called Path:
  • If the entry exists, append the full path to flutterbin using
    ; as a separator from existing values.
  • If the entry doesn’t exist,
    create a new user variable named Path with
    the full path to flutterbin as its value.

You have to close and reopen any existing console windows
for these changes to take effect.

Run flutter doctor

From a console window that has the Flutter directory in the
path (see above), run the following command to see if there
are any platform dependencies you need to complete the setup:

C:srcflutter>flutter doctor

This command checks your environment and displays a report of the status
of your Flutter installation. Check the output carefully for other
software you might need to install or further tasks to perform
(shown in bold text).

For example:

[-] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    • Android SDK at D:Androidsdk
    ✗ Android SDK is missing command line tools; download from https://goo.gl/XxQghQ
    • Try re-installing or updating your Android SDK,
      visit https://docs.flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed instructions.

The following sections describe how to perform these tasks and
finish the setup process. Once you have installed any missing
dependencies, you can run the flutter doctor command again to
verify that you’ve set everything up correctly.

Android setup

Install Android Studio

1. Download and install Android Studio.
2. Start Android Studio, and go through the ‘Android Studio Setup Wizard’.
   This installs the latest Android SDK, Android SDK Command-line Tools,
   and Android SDK Build-Tools, which are required by Flutter
   when developing for Android.
3. Run flutter doctor to confirm that Flutter has located
   your installation of Android Studio. If Flutter cannot locate it,
   run flutter config --android-studio-dir <directory> to set the
   directory that Android Studio is installed to.

Set up your Android device

To prepare to run and test your Flutter app on an Android device,
you need an Android device running Android 4.1 (API level 16) or higher.

1. Enable Developer options and USB debugging on your device.
   Detailed instructions are available in the
   Android documentation.
2. Windows-only: Install the Google USB
   Driver.
3. Using a USB cable, plug your phone into your computer. If prompted on your
   device, authorize your computer to access your device.
4. In the terminal, run the flutter devices command to verify that
   Flutter recognizes your connected Android device. By default,
   Flutter uses the version of the Android SDK where your adb
   tool is based. If you want Flutter to use a different installation
   of the Android SDK, you must set the ANDROID_SDK_ROOT environment
   variable to that installation directory.

Set up the Android emulator

To prepare to run and test your Flutter app on the Android emulator,
follow these steps:

1. Enable
   VM acceleration
   on your machine.
2. Launch Android Studio, click the AVD Manager
   icon, and select Create Virtual Device…
   • In older versions of Android Studio, you should instead
     launch Android Studio > Tools > Android > AVD Manager and select
     Create Virtual Device…. (The Android submenu is only present
     when inside an Android project.)
   • If you do not have a project open, you can choose
     Configure > AVD Manager and select Create Virtual Device…
3. Choose a device definition and select Next.
4. Select one or more system images for the Android versions you want
   to emulate, and select Next.
   An x86 or x86_64 image is recommended.
5. Under Emulated Performance, select Hardware — GLES 2.0 to enable
   hardware
   acceleration.

6. Verify the AVD configuration is correct, and select Finish.

   For details on the above steps, see Managing
   AVDs.

7. In Android Virtual Device Manager, click Run in the toolbar.
   The emulator starts up and displays the default canvas for your
   selected OS version and device.

Agree to Android Licenses

Before you can use Flutter, you must agree to the
licenses of the Android SDK platform. This step should be done after
you have installed the tools listed above.

1. Make sure that you have a version of Java 8 installed and that your
   JAVA_HOME environment variable is set to the JDK’s folder.

   Android Studio versions 2.2 and higher come with a JDK, so this should
   already be done.

2. Open an elevated console window and run the following command to begin
   signing licenses.

   $ flutter doctor --android-licenses
   

3. Review the terms of each license carefully before agreeing to them.
4. Once you are done agreeing with licenses, run flutter doctor again
   to confirm that you are ready to use Flutter.

Windows setup

Additional Windows requirements

For Windows desktop development,
you need the following in addition to the Flutter SDK:

• Visual Studio 2022 or Visual Studio Build Tools 2022
  When installing Visual Studio or only the Build Tools,
  you need the “Desktop development with C++” workload installed
  for building windows, including all of its default components.

For more information, see Desktop support for Flutter

Web setup

Flutter has support for building web applications in the
stable channel. Any app created in Flutter 2 automatically
builds for the web. To add web support to an app created
before web was in stable, follow the instructions on
Building a web application with Flutter
when you’ve completed the setup above.

Next step

Set up your preferred editor.

Что такое Flutter. Установка

Последнее обновление: 12.05.2022

Flutter представляет фреймворк от компании Google, который позволяет создавать кроссплатформенные приложения, которые могут использовать однин и тот же код. Спектр платформ широк — это веб-приложения,
мобильные приложения под Android и iOS, графические приложения под настольные операционные системы Windows, MacOS, Linux, а также веб-приложения.

Особенностью работы с Flutter является то, что приложения под разные платформы могут иметь один и тот же код. Поскольку используемые платформы не эквиваленты, то какие-то отдельные части кода необходимо настраивать под определенную ОС, например, под iOS, но тем не менее
большая часть кода может совпадать. Это позволяет разработчикам существенно сэкономить время и ресурсы на создание приложений под все поддерживаемые платформы.

В качестве языка разработки используется язык программирования Dart.

При постороении приложения Flutter транслирует код на Dart в нативный код приложения с помощью Dart AOT (компиляция приложения перед его запуском), которое можно запускать на Android или iOS или
другой платформе. Однако при разработке приложения для ее ускорения Flutter использует JIT (компиляция приложения в процессе его запуска).

Надо отметить, что Flutter относительно новый фреймворк. Хотя прототип фреймворка появился еще в 2015 году, а первая альфа-версия вышла в мае 2017
года, но первый стабильный релиз — Flutter 1.0 увидел свет только в декабре 2018 года. Тем не менее регулярно с небольшой периодичностью ыходят подверсии,
добавляя новую функциональноть и исправляя имеющиеся баги. На момент публикации данной статьи последней стабильной версией является
Flutter 3, которая вышла в мае 2022 года, но постоянно выходят новые подверсии, которые также привносят нововведения во фреймворк (например, на момент
написания данной статьи последней подверсией является 3.0).

Что используется для разрабоки под Flutter? Для для написания кода программы можно использовать любой полюбившийся текстовый редактор и затем
с помощью утилит командной строки из Flutter SDK компилировать приложение. Однако для таких сред как Android Studio и IntelliJ IDEA, а также текстового редактора Visual Studio Code компания Google выпустила специальные
плагины, которые позволяют упростить разработку. Поэтому зачастую для разработки под Flutter используются именно Android Studio и IntelliJ IDEA.

Установка Flutter SDK

На странице https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/ можно найти ссылки на на загрузку SDK для разных операционных систем. Рассмотрим,
как установить Flutter SDK на Windows и MacOS.

Установка Flutter на Windows

Чтобы начать разрабатывать приложения с помощью Flutter, необходимо установить SDK. Но прежде всего следует отметить, что для работы Flutter SDK
в Windows в системе должен быть установлен Git for Windows, который можно найти по адресу https://git-scm.com/download/win.

Также Flutter использует Android SDK. Самый легкий способ установить Android SDK — сразу установить Android Studio, вместе с которой будут установлены вс необходимые инструменты.

Непосредственно для установки Flutter SDK перейдем на страницу https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/windows.
На этой странице найдем в секции Get the Flutter SDK ссылку на zip-архив с Flutter SDK и загрузим его:

Далее распакуем архив, например, на диске С. Например, в моем случае архив распакован в папку C:flutter.

В распакованном архиве в папке flutterbin мы найдем инструменты для компиляции приложения. Например,
в моем случае полный путь к этой папке C:flutterbin:

Если мы работаем в Windows, то для добавления переменной среды через поиск найдем найдем параметр «Изменение переменных среды текущего пользователя». Для этого введем в поле поиска «Изменение переменных»:

Выберем пункт «Изменение переменных среды текущего пользователя». Затем нам откроется окно, где мы можем увидеть все переменные среды. (Также можно перейти через Параметры и пункт Система ->Дополнительные параметры системы ->Переменные среды)

Здесь нам надо изменить переменную Path, добавив путь к папке bin в Flutter SDK. Для этого выберем пункт Path и нажмем на
кнопку «Изменить»:

Далее нажмем на кнопку «Создать» и появившееся поле ввода введем путь к папке bin из Flutter SDK:

Чтобы проверить корректность установки Flutter, откроем командную строку и введем команду flutter. Если Windows распознает
ее, и последует вывод некоторой справочной информации (например, как использовать те или иные команды в консоли), то flutter установлен и настроен.

В качестве альтернативы установить Flutter SDK можно через Git. Для этого необходимо в командной строке перейти к папке, где должен располагаться
SDK и далее выполнить в командной строке следующую команду:

git clone -b stable https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git

В данном случае с репозитария на гитхабе будет загружена последняя стабильная версия Flutter SDK. И опять же подчеркиваю, что для выполнения этой команды необходимо
установить Git for Windows, как было написано выше.

Установка Flutter на MacOS

Для установки и обновления Flutter использует git, поэтому необходимо установить git.
Однако если установлен Xcode, то git устанавливать не надо, так как Xcode уже включает git.

Для установки Flutter SDK перейдем на страницу https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install/macos и
найдем на странице ссылку на Flutter SDK и загрузим его:

Далее поместим папку с Flutter SDK где-нибудь на жестком диске. Например, в моем случае Flutter SDK расположен в корневой папке текущего пользователя
(Users/eugene).

Для использования Flutter SDK в треминале, необходимо добавить путь к папке bin в SDK в системные переменные. Добавление для текущего окна терминала:

export PATH="$PATH:[Путь к папке с Flutter SDK]/flutter/bin"

При первом использовании команды flutter произойдет загрузка Dart SDK.

Обновление Flutter

Если впоследствии необходимо будет обновить Flutter, то для этого достаточно будет выполнить в командной строке команду

Поскольку Flutter активно развивается, то лучше обновляться регулярно.

If you’ve already built the engine and have the configuration set up but merely need a refresher on
actually compiling the code, see Compiling the engine.

Make sure you have the following dependencies available:

• Linux, macOS, or Windows.
  • Linux supports cross-compiling artifacts for Android and Fuchsia, but not iOS.
  • macOS supports cross-compiling artifacts for Android and iOS.
  • Windows doesn’t support cross-compiling artifacts for any of Android, Fuchsia, or iOS.
• git (used for source version control).
• An IDE. See also the section at the bottom of this page for advice on setting up syntax highlighting while editing the engine.
• An ssh client (used to authenticate with GitHub).
• Chromium’s
  depot_tools
  (make sure it’s in your path). We use the gclient tool from depot_tools.
  • Make sure to install gclient by running ./gclient in the command line.
• Python (used by many of our tools, including gclient).
• On macOS and Linux: curl and unzip (used by gclient sync).
• On Windows:
  • Visual Studio 2017 or later (required for non-Googlers only).
  • Windows 10 SDK (required for non-Googlers only). Be sure to install the «Debugging Tools for Windows» feature.
• On macOS: the latest Xcode.
• Recommended for Googlers: Goma for distributed builds. The compiling page has more information on how to set this up.

You do not need Dart installed,
as a Dart tool chain is automatically downloaded as part of the «getting the code»
step. Similarly for the Android SDK, it’s downloaded by the gclient sync step below.

Run the following steps to set up your environment:

1. Fork https://github.com/flutter/engine into your own GitHub account. If
   you already have a fork, and are now installing a development environment on
   a new machine, make sure you’ve updated your fork so that you don’t use stale
   configuration options from long ago. Do not clone this repo locally, scripts
   will take care of that for you.
2. If you haven’t configured your machine with an SSH key that’s known to github then
   follow the directions here: https://help.github.com/articles/generating-ssh-keys/.
3. Non-Googler Windows users should set the following environment variables to point depot_tools to their Visual Studio installation directory:
   • DEPOT_TOOLS_WIN_TOOLCHAIN=0
   • GYP_MSVS_OVERRIDE_PATH=C:Program FilesMicrosoft Visual Studio2022Community (use the path of your installation)
4. Create an empty directory called engine for your copy of the repository and
   cd into it. (It is possible to use a different name, but some tools assume this
   name unless configured otherwise, so calling it engine will make thing easier.)
5. Create a .gclient file in the engine directory with the
   following contents, replacing <your_name_here> with your GitHub
   account name:

   solutions = [
     {
       "managed": False,
       "name": "src/flutter",
       "url": "git@github.com:<your_name_here>/engine.git",
       "custom_deps": {},
       "deps_file": "DEPS",
       "safesync_url": "",
     },
   ]

   If you plan to build the Web engine, you should add the following to your .gclient file:

   solutions = [
     {
       # Same as above...
       "custom_vars": {
         "download_emsdk": True,
       },
     },
   ]

6. gclient sync in that directory. On Windows, gclient sync must be run as Administrator due to this issue. This will fetch all the source code
   that Flutter depends on. Avoid interrupting this script, as doing so
   can leave your
   repository in an inconsistent state that is tedious to clean up.
   (This step automatically runs git clone, among other things.)
7. Add a remote for the upstream repository:
   • cd src/flutter (This was created in your engine directory
     by gclient sync.)
   • git remote add upstream git@github.com:flutter/engine.git (So
     that you fetch from the master flutter/engine repository, not
     your clone, when running git fetch et al.)
   • cd .. (Return to the src directory that gclient sync created
     in your engine directory.)
8. If you’re on Linux, the following may or may not help you install
   required dependencies. Note: These scripts are
   distro- and version-specific, so are not guaranteed to work on
   any configuration. If they fail, you may need to find comparable
   packages to the ones that weren’t found. You are free to update
   them if you wish for your distribution, but it is often easier to
   just install the packages you need as you go, particularly for the
   install-build-deps.sh script.
   • sudo ./build/install-build-deps-android.sh
   • sudo ./build/install-build-deps.sh
   • sudo ./flutter/build/install-build-deps-linux-desktop.sh
9. If you’re on Mac:
   • install Oracle’s Java JDK, version 1.8 or later
10. If you’re planning on working on the
    buildroot repository as
    well, and have a local checkout of that repository, run the
    following commands in the src directory to update your git
    remotes accordingly:

    git remote rename origin upstream
    git remote add origin git@github.com:<your_name_here>/buildroot.git

Next steps:

• Compiling the engine explains how to actually get builds, now that you have the code.
• The flutter tool has a section explaining how to use custom engine builds.
• Signing commits, to configure your environment to securely sign your commits.

Editor autocomplete support

Xcode [Objective-C++]

On Mac, you can simply use Xcode (e.g., open out/host_debug_unopt/products.xcodeproj).

VSCode with C/C++ Intellisense [C/C++]

VSCode can provide some IDE features using the C/C++ extension. It will provide basic support on install without needing any additional configuration. There will probably be some issues, like header not found errors and incorrect jump to definitions.

Intellisense can also use our compile_commands.json for more robust functionality. Either symlink src/out/compile_commands.json to the project root at src or provide an absolute path to it in the c_cpp_properties.json config file. See «compile commands» in the c_cpp_properties.json reference. This will likely resolve the basic issues mentioned above.

For adding IDE support to the Java code in the engine with VSCode, see «Using VSCode as an IDE for the Android Embedding».

cquery/ccls (multiple editors) [C/C++/Objective-C++]

Alternatively, cquery and a derivative ccls are highly scalable C/C++/Objective-C language server that supports IDE features like go-to-definition, call hierarchy, autocomplete, find reference etc that works reasonably well with our engine repo.

They(https://github.com/cquery-project/cquery/wiki/Editor-configuration) supports editors like VSCode, emacs, vim etc.

To set up:

1. Install cquery
   1. brew install cquery or brew install ccls on osx; or
   2. Build from source
2. Generate compile_commands.json which our GN tool already does such as via src/flutter/tools/gn --ios --unoptimized
3. Install an editor extension such as VSCode-cquery or vscode-ccls
   1. VSCode-query and vscode-ccls requires the compile_commands.json to be at the project root. Copy or symlink src/out/compile_commands.json to src/ or src/flutter depending on which folder you want to open.
   2. Follow Setting up the extension to configure VSCode-query.

Using VSCode as an IDE for the Android Embedding [Java]

1. Install the extensions vscjava.vscode-java-pack and vscjava.vscode-java-dependency.

2. Right click on the shell/platform/android folder in the engine source and click on Add Folder to Java Source Path. This creates an anonymous workspace and turns those files from «syntax mode» to «compile mode». At this point, you should see a lot of errors since none of the external imports are found.

3. Find the «Java Dependencies» pane in your Explorer view. Use the «Explorer: Focus on Java Dependencies View» command if hidden.

4. Refresh the view and find the «flutter_*» project. There should be a «_/shell/platform/android» source folder there.

5. In the «Referenced Libraries» sibling node, click the + button, navigate to engine/src/third_party/android_embedding_dependencies and add the entire folder. This is the equivalent of adding

   "java.project.referencedLibraries": [
     "{path to engine}/src/third_party/android_embedding_dependencies/lib/**/*.jar"
   ]
   

   to your VSCode’s settings.json for your user or for your workspace.

6. If you previously had a shell/platform/android/.classpath, delete it.

VSCode Additional Useful Configuration

1. Create snippets for header files with this configuration. This will let you use hdr keyboard macro to create the boiler plate header code. Also consider some of these settings and more tips.

2. To format GN files on save, consider using this extension.

Let’s learn how to setup an environment for the successful development of the Flutter application. Flutter installation is the first step to get started in the journey of Cross platform mobile application development using Flutter. In this guide, we will focus in Flutter installation for both Windows and Mac.

System requirements for Windows

For Window to install and run Flutter, we need first to meet these requirements for your development environment.

Install Git

Before starting Flutter Installation Guide, Let’s start the guide by installing Git first.

Step1: To download Git go to this Offical Website https://git-scm.com/download/win The Offical Page look Like

Step 2: Run the .exe file to complete the installation. During installation process, make sure that you have selected the recommended option.

Click on the downloaded installer file and select yes to continue. After the selecting yes the installation begins, and the screen will look like as

Click on next to continue.

Step 3 Default components are automatically selected in this step. You can also choose your required part.

Click next to continue.

Step 4 The default Git command-line options are selected automatically. You can choose your preferred choice. Click next to continue.

Step 5 The default transport backend options are selected in this step. Click next to continue.

Step 6 Select your required line ending option and click next to continue.

Step 7 Select preferred terminal emulator clicks on the next to continue.

Step 8 This is the last step that provides some extra features like system caching, credential management and symbolic link. Select the required features and click on the next option.

Step 9 The files are being extracted in this step.

Therefore, The Git installation is completed. Now you can access the Git Gui and Git Bash.

The Git Bash looks like as

Install Flutter SDK for Windows

Step 1:  To download Flutter SDK, Go to its official website, click on Get started button, you will get the following screen.

Step 2: Next, to download the latest Flutter SDK, click on the Windows icon. Here, you will find the download link for SDK.

Step 3: When your download is complete, extract the zip file and place it in the desired installation folder or location, for example, C: /Flutter.

Step 4: To run the Flutter command in regular windows console, you need to update the system path to include the flutter bin directory. The following steps are required to do this:

Step 4.1: Go to MyComputer properties -> advanced tab -> environment variables. You will get the following screen.

Step 4.2: Now, select path -> click on edit. The following screen appears.

Step 4.3: In the above window, click on New->write path of Flutter bin folder in variable value -> ok -> ok -> ok.

Step 5: Then, run the $ flutter doctor command. This command checks for all the requirements of Flutter app development and displays a report of the status of your Flutter installation.

$ flutter doctor  

Step 6: When you run the above command, it will analyze the system and show its report, as shown in the below image. Here, you will find the details of all missing tools, which required to run Flutter as well as the development tools that are available but not connected with the device.

Step 7: Install the Android SDK. If the flutter doctor command does not find the Android SDK tool in your system, then you need first to install the Android Studio IDE. To install Android Studio IDE, do the following steps.

Step 7.1: Download the latest Android Studio executable or zip file from the official site.

Step 7.2: When the download is complete, open the .exe file and run it. You will get the following dialog box.

Step 7.3: Follow the steps of the installation wizard. Once the installation wizard completes, you will get the following screen.

Step 7.4: In the above screen, click Next-> Finish. Once the Finish button is clicked, you need to choose the ‘Don’t import Settings option’ and click OK. It will start the Android Studio.

Step 8: Next, you need to set up an Android emulator. It is responsible for running and testing the Flutter application.

Step 8.1: To set an Android emulator, go to Android Studio > Tools > Android > AVD Manager and select Create Virtual Device. Or, go to Help->Find Action->Type Emulator in the search box. You will get the following screen.

Step 8.2: Choose your device definition and click on Next.

Step 8.3: You can then select the system image for the latest Android version and click on Next.

Step 8.4: After that, verify the all AVD configuration. If it is correct, click on Finish. The following screen appears.

Step 8.5: Lastly, click on the icon pointed into the red color rectangle. The Android emulator displayed as below screen.

Step 9: Now, install Flutter and Dart plugin for building Flutter application in Android Studio. These plugins provide a template to create a Flutter application, give an option to run and debug Flutter application in the Android Studio itself. Do the following steps to install these plugins.

Step 9.1: Open the Android Studio and then go to File->Settings->Plugins.

Step 9.2: Now, search the Flutter plugin. If found, select Flutter plugin and click install. When you click on install, it will ask you to install Dart plugin as below screen. Click yes to proceed.

Step 9.3: Restart the Android Studio.

You can use VS Code or andriod Studio as an IDE for coding

Also read: How To Create Responsive Layout In Flutter

System Requirements for macOS

For Mac OS to install and run Flutter, we need first to meet these requirements for your development environment.

For downloading Git in mac it is same process for the Window OS

Install Flutter SDK for Mac

Step 1: Download the installation bundle of the Flutter Software Development Kit for macOS. To download Flutter SDK, Go to its official website.

Step 2: After your download is complete, extract the zip file and place it in the desired installation folder or location.

Step 3: Next, to run the Flutter command, you need to update the system path to include the flutter bin directory.

$ export PATH="$PATH:`pwd`/flutter/bin"  

Step 4: Then enable the updated path in the current terminal window using the below command and then verify it also.

source ~/.bashrc  
source $HOME/.bash_profile  
echo $PATH  

Step 5: After that, run the $ flutter doctor command. This command checks for all the requirements of Flutter app development and displays a report of the status of your Flutter installation.

$ flutter doctor  

Step 6: When you run the above command, it will analyze the system and the details of all missing tools, which required to run Flutter as well as the development tools that are available but not connected with the device.

Step 7: Do Install the latest Xcode tools if reported by the Flutter doctor tool.

Step 8: If Flutter doctor tool reports you to install the latest Android Studio and SDK then do the same.

Step 9: Next, you need to set up an iOS simulator or connect an iPhone device to the system for developing an iOS application.

Step 10: Again, set up an android emulator or connect an android device to the system for developing an android application which is similar to the window os.

Step 11: FInally install Flutter and Dart plugin for building Flutter application in Android Studio. These plugins provide a template to create a Flutter application, give an option to run and debug Flutter application in the Android Studio itself.

Related Guide: Learn Flutter Version Management (FVM), The easiest Way To Manage Multiple Flutter SDK Version