Конвертировать vmdk в qcow2 в windows

The invention of server virtualization technology has greatly optimized the utilization of hardware resources and work efficiency of IT environment. After several years, there are many kinds of virtualization solutions in the market.

To move VM or migrate data between different platforms, IT administrators often need V2V converter. Although some platforms can directly accept the files from another platform, sometimes VM conversion is still needed.

In the following sections, you will know the way to convert vmdk to qcow2.

Vmdk and qcow2

VMware vSphere is the leading virtualization solution in the world. With ESXi hypervisor installed on the server, users can easily create virtual machines for all kinds of business systems.

Although virtual machine is a small part of the server, it is still as complete as the physical machine which has CPU, storage, network adapter, etc. Physical machine will save application data to hard disks. When it is needed to clone or migrate data, hard disk data is important. In virtual machine, there are virtual hard disks which also contain applications and data. Because of server virtualization technology, virtual hard disks are just files on the server.

In VMware virtual machine file system, the file format of virtual hard disk is .vmdk, short for Virtual Machine Disk. A VMDK file represents a physical hard drive storing all the user data and configuration data of virtualization.

Generally speaking, vmdk. file is often very large, more than several GB. It will be updated whenever user data or server configuration is modified. There is no feature for acquiring incremental data in VMDK so the entire file needs to be backed up again when any file is modified.

To use the powerful features of VMware, vmdk files are often stored in shared storage. You can copy vmdk files to another datastore for later use. To locate the vmdk files of a VM, you can right-click the VM in vSphere client > select Edit Settings > expand Hard disk to see where they are stored.

Qcow2, short for QEMU copy-on-write format 2, is the successor of the first-generation qcow, which has barely satisfying performance, but still cannot be compared with raw format. After optimization to the first generation of qcow, it is close to raw format in performance. Now, qcow2 is one of the mainstream image formats.

To better use data from VMware, you can change the format of virtual hard disk to let it better work in QEMU environment.

How to convert vmdk to qcow2 with qemu-img?

Qemu-img is an image converter which supports multiple image formats including vhd, qcow2,raw, vhdx, qcow, vdi, qed, zvh and zvhd2. It is needed to add the directory to environment variables like JDK or Python.

In Windows environment:

1. Download the installation package and install it

2. After installation, add the directory to path environment variables

3. Verify the installation by typing the command below:

qemu-img —help

If the version information of qemu-img is presented in the output, the installation is successful

4. Converting the image by typing the command below:

qemu-img convert -p -f vmdk -O qcow2 my_centos7.vmdk my_centos7.qcow2

-p: presenting the conversion progress

-f: format of the source image

-O: format of the target image

In Linux environment:

1. Select the command to install it according to your operating system

For Ubuntu/Debian, type the command below:

apt install qemu-img

For CentOS/Red Hat/Oracle, type the command below:

yum install qemu-img

For SUSE/OpenSUSE, type the command below:

zypper install qemu-img

2. Verify the installation by typing the command below:

qemu-img -v

If the version information of qemu-img is presented in the output, the installation is successful

3. Converting the image by typing the command below:

qemu-img convert -p -f vmdk -O qcow2 ./my_centos7.vmdk ./my_centos7.qcow2

How to convert VMware to KVM with Vinchin Backup & Recovery?

To move VMware to KVM, you can have better solution. Vinchin Backup & Recovery will require you to select only source and destination platforms to migrate VM without manually converting virtual disk format.

Vinchin Virutal Machine Convert Engine supports virtualization platforms like VMware, Red Hat Virtualization, oVirt, Oracle Linux KVM, OpenStack, etc. Generally speaking, it needs only 3 steps to perform cross-platform migration, step 1, adding hosts of VMware and the other platform into Vinchin backup system, step 2, making a backup of VMware VM agentlessly, and step 3, restoring the VM backup to the destination platform.

The whole process will be easily completed on a user-friendly web console. You can start a 60-day full-featured free trial to see how convenient it is to convert virtual machine.

Sum Up

There are many virtualization platforms in the world. To migrate data to another platform, IT administrators often need to do conversion job to the source VM. In this post, the methods of converting vmdk to qcow2 are introduced for IT administrators.

Vinchin Backup & Recovery is a convenient tool for you to import VMDK to KVM without complicated commands. Don’t miss the free trial.

This post talks about two software to convert VMDK to QCOW2 in Windows for free. The software I have added here takes a healthy VMDK file from you and produces the corresponding QCOW2 file. The generated QCOW2 files can be used in the dedicated software such as Qemu as a virtual hard drive for the machine. Also, there are other Linux tools that can mount QCOW2 files, you can use it in those as well. However, currently there is no way in Windows to mount them as virtual drives. But you can create QCOW2 files in Windows using a couple of free software that you will see in the post below.

There are quite a number of virtual machine software out there. Some of them are popular and some of them are not. Those virtual machine software use a virtual hard disk file of different formats. The most popular format for the disk of virtual machines are VMDK and VHD but there are some that use other raw formats as well. And one such formats is QCOW2. This format is not supported in Windows and nor you can mount in Windows OS as of now. But you can access its content using free archiver software such as 7-Zip.

If you have a VMDK file and want to use that in another virtual machine that uses QCOW2 format for hard disks then you will have to convert the VMDK file. And the software I have mentioned here lets you do that easily and in just a few minutes. And not only VMDK but the following software can convert the other type of disk images to QCOW2 such as from VHD, VHDX, etc.

qemu-img

qemu-img is a Linux tool but luckily available for Windows as well. This tool comes with a CLI and there is a simple command to convert a VMDK file to QCOW2. It analyzes the given VMDK file and creates the corresponding QCOW2 file that you can use wherever you want. Basically, this tool allows you to convert different kind of virtual hard disk images from one format to other. It supports VMDK, VJD, VHDX, IMG, QCOW2, RAW, and IMG like formats and you can convert them among one another easily, including VMDK to QCOW2. In some Linux distros, you will find this tool pre-installed but in Windows you will have to manually install it.

You can get the Windows binary of this tool from above and then save it somewhere safe. Next, you can add the folder where the binary files of qemu-img are to the system PATH environment variable. If you don’t know what that is then you can see this post. After you’re done with setting the PATH variable, you can start using this tool. Open command prompt or any other CMD emulator and then run this command.

qemu-img.exe convert -f vmdk "Source_VMDK_Image" -O qcow2 "Destination_QCOW2_File"

Change the colored parameters in the above command and execute it. It will start processing the input VMDK file after it is done, it will leave the converted QCOW2 file in the same folder. The time it takes for the conversion of the VMDK file depends on its size. In my case, it took around 4 minutes to convert a VMDK of size 2GB to QCOW2. But if you have VMDK of large size, then you will have to be patient during the conversion process.

StarWind V2V Image Converter

StarWind V2V Image Converter is another free software that allows you to painlessly convert a VMDK file to QCOW2 and then you can use that in the virtual machine software that use QCOW format for the virtual disk. This is quite a powerful software that you can use in Windows to convert different type of virtual machine hard disk files to variety of formats including QCOW2. In just a few clicks, you can easily convert a VMDK file to QCOW2 and it even supports the reverse conversion as well. Recently, I uses the same software for VMDK to VHD conversion and now you can use it for VMDK to QCOW2 disk as well.

To download this software on your PC, you will have to fill a short form and enter your email address to get the download link. Next, you install the software and then open it up and its wizard like interface. Actually have to specify the different parameters for the conversion in different steps. In the first form, select the “Local File” option and then give it the path to the source VMDK file.

Now, specify the QCOW2 as the target format and location in your PC where it will save the final QCOW2 file.

Now, you have specified all the parameters and it is time to start the conversion. So, start the conversion process and you can see its progress on its interface. When it fully converts the VMDK file to QCOW2, you can access or use it in the software or other applications that support QCOW2.

In this way, you can use this simple and handy software to easily convert a VMDK file. And not just VMDK but it supports various other kind of virtual hard disk files such as VMDK, VHD, VHDX, etc. Also, you can even use this software to convert an existing hard drive to virtual machine hard disk file.

Closing Thoughts

QCOW2 is not really a very popular format in the context of virtual machines. And this is why these are the only free software I could find to convert a VMDK file to QCOW2 in Windows. If you are on Linux, there are more advantages for you as you can mount QCOW2 images there easily but this is not the case with Windows. So, if you are looking for some free software to convert VMDK to QCOW2 then you have come to the right place. If you can handle command line tools pretty well then you can use qemu-img. Or, if you want to use simple GUI based software then you can use StarWind V2V Image Converter. And this post will help you in getting started with these free software.

Qemu-img — программа для манипулирования с образами дисков машин QEMU. QEMU — система эмуляции (и виртуализации) компьютера (вычислительной системы с процессором, памятью и периферийными устройствами), поддерживающего различные архитектуры.

Форматы, которые поддерживает qemu-img:

1. Для преобразования (конвертации) образа машины QEMU в формат VirtualBox-а:

2. Преобразование образа QEMU в формат VmWare:

3. Для преобразования формата VmWare в QEMU:

4. Для преобразования образа диска или livecd в формат QEMU:

5. Для преобразования vmdk формата в raw:

6. Если LVM диски, то можно попробовать такой пример. Сначала делаем «снапшот» диска, затем конвертируем:

7. Копирование образа на физический девайс:

Или можно вот так:

Обновлено 05.04.2016 11:48

Возможность импорта виртуальных машин на платформу «TIONIX» реализована
поддержкой образов, загружаемых в различных форматах:

• AKI — образ Amazon Kernel;
• AMI — образ Amazon Machine;
• ARI — образ Amazon Ramdisk;
• Docker — образ контейнера Docker;
• ISO — образ оптического диска;
• OVA — Open Virtual Appliance;
• QCOW2- образ QEMU;
• RAW — диск неструктурируемого формата RAW;
• VDI — образ виртуального диска;
• VHD — виртуальный жесткий диск;
• VMDK — диск виртуальной машины;
• PLOOP — петлевой диск.

При необходимости использования определенного формата (например, RAW
для некоторых бэкендов) можно воспользоваться конвертацией образа.
Конвертация может быть выполнена с помощью командной строки, например –
в управляющем узле (платформы OpenStack).

Параметры конвертации образов диска виртуальной машины приведены в таблице
(Таблица 6.1).

Команда qemu-img convert может выполнять преобразование между
несколькими форматами, включая qcow2, qed, raw, vdi, vhd, и vmdk.

Примеры

1. Преобразование файла необработанного изображения с именем image.img
   в файл формата QCOW2:

   qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 image.img image.qcow2
   

2. Преобразование файла образа vmdk в необработанный файл образа:

   qemu-img convert -f vmdk -O raw image.vmdk image.img
   

3. Преобразование файла образа vmdk в файл образа формата QCOW2:

   $ qemu-img convert -f vmdk -O qcow2 image.vmdk image.qcow2
   

Примечание.

При преобразовании файла образа, содержащего гостевую ОС Windows,
следует убедиться, что в ней установлен драйвер VirtIO.
В противном случае, будет выведен при запуске образа «синий экран».

Другой вариант — назначить свойство образа, указывающее на использование
устаревшей шины обмена (IDE), но это значительно снизит
производительность виртуальной машины:

openstack image set --property hw_disk_bus='ide' image_name_or_id

Необходимо убедиться, что гостевые дополнения исходной инфраструктуры
среды виртуализации VMware или Hyper-V удалены, прежде чем будет выполнен
окончательный перенос на платформу TIONIX (cм. Приложения).

VBoxManage clonehd ~/VirtualBox VMs/image.vdi image.img --format raw

sudo apt install libvirt0 libvirt-bin qemu-kvm virt-manager

# qemu-img convert -f <исходный_формат> -O raw <имя_исходного_образа>-flat.vmdk <имя_целевого_образа>_raw.img

# qemu-img convert <исходный_образ>_raw.img -O qcow2 -c  <целевой_образ>_qcow2.img

$ qemu-img info <целевой_образ>_raw.img
$ qemu-img info <целевой_образ>_qcow2.img

virt-ls -l -a CentOS-7.5-converted.qcow2 /boot/

virt-customize -a disk.qcow2 \
--run-command 'dracut -f /boot/initramfs-3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64.img 3.10.0-1062.9.1.el7.x86_64'

wget http://<доменное_имя_или_IP>/<путь_к_ресурсу>/<название_исходного_образа>.ova

tar -tf название_исходного_образа.ova

---.ovf
---.vmdk

tar -xvf название_исходного_образа.ova

file название_исходного_образа*

---.vmdk: VMware4 disk image
---.ovf: XML document text

./vmware-vdiskmanager -r ---.vmdk -t 0 ---new.vmdk

qemu-img convert ---new.vmdk -O qcow2 new.qcow2

In the past, I’ve had to convert them first to raw images, concatenate them together, and then convert the resulting raw image to qcow2:

qemu-img convert guest-s001.vmdk guest-s0001.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s002.vmdk guest-s0002.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s003.vmdk guest-s0003.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s004.vmdk guest-s0004.raw
qemu-img convert guest-s005.vmdk guest-s0005.raw
cat guest-s0001.raw guest-s0002.raw guest-s0003.raw guest-s0004.raw guest-s0005.raw > guest.raw
qemu-img convert guest.raw guest.qcow2

Don’t panic if more than just the last file is smaller than 2146762752 bytes. Some VMware products create vmdk spans with different sizes. The size should match 512 times the number of sectors listed in the extent description in the main vmdk file (readable with any text editor or «cat»).

It may be possible to do this all at once too, but I haven’t tried this:

qemu-img convert guest-s001.vmdk guest-s002.vmdk guest-s003.vmdk guest-s004.vmdk guest-s005.vmdk guest.qcow2

Or, if they’re not actually contiguous disk images, then I’m not sure what to suggest.

Good luck!

A quick terminal script to convert all of the images at once would be:

for i in *.vmdk; do qemu-img convert -f vmdk $i -O raw $i.raw; done
cat *.raw > tmpImage.raw
qemu-img convert tmpImage.raw finalImage.qcow2
rm *.raw