No module named lxml python windows

Quick Fix: Python raises the ImportError: No module named 'lxml' when it cannot find the library lxml. The most frequent source of this error is that you haven’t installed lxml explicitly with pip install lxml. Alternatively, you may have different Python versions on your computer, and lxml is not installed for the particular version you’re using.

Problem Formulation

You’ve just learned about the awesome capabilities of the lxml library and you want to try it out, so you start your code with the following statement:

import lxml

This is supposed to import the Pandas library into your (virtual) environment. However, it only throws the following ImportError: No module named lxml:

>>> import lxml
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#6>", line 1, in <module>
    import lxml
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lxml'

Solution Idea 1: Install Library lxml

The most likely reason is that Python doesn’t provide lxml in its standard library. You need to install it first!

Before being able to import the Pandas module, you need to install it using Python’s package manager pip. Make sure pip is installed on your machine.

To fix this error, you can run the following command in your Windows shell:

$ pip install lxml

This simple command installs lxml in your virtual environment on Windows, Linux, and MacOS. It assumes that your pip version is updated. If it isn’t, use the following two commands in your terminal, command line, or shell (there’s no harm in doing it anyways):

$ python -m pip install --upgrade pip
$ pip install pandas

💡 Note: Don’t copy and paste the $ symbol. This is just to illustrate that you run it in your shell/terminal/command line.

Solution Idea 2: Fix the Path

The error might persist even after you have installed the lxml library. This likely happens because pip is installed but doesn’t reside in the path you can use. Although pip may be installed on your system the script is unable to locate it. Therefore, it is unable to install the library using pip in the correct path.

To fix the problem with the path in Windows follow the steps given next.

Step 1: Open the folder where you installed Python by opening the command prompt and typing where python

Step 2: Once you have opened the Python folder, browse and open the Scripts folder and copy its location. Also verify that the folder contains the pip file.

Step 3: Now open the Scripts directory in the command prompt using the cd command and the location that you copied previously.

Step 4: Now install the library using pip install lxml command. Here’s an analogous example:

After having followed the above steps, execute our script once again. And you should get the desired output.

Other Solution Ideas

• The ModuleNotFoundError may appear due to relative imports. You can learn everything about relative imports and how to create your own module in this article.
• You may have mixed up Python and pip versions on your machine. In this case, to install lxml for Python 3, you may want to try python3 -m pip install lxml or even pip3 install lxml instead of pip install lxml
• If you face this issue server-side, you may want to try the command pip install --user lxml
• If you’re using Ubuntu, you may want to try this command: sudo apt install lxml
• You can check out our in-depth guide on installing lxml here.
• You can also check out this article to learn more about possible problems that may lead to an error when importing a library.

Understanding the “import” Statement

import lxml

In Python, the import statement serves two main purposes:

• Search the module by its name, load it, and initialize it.
• Define a name in the local namespace within the scope of the import statement. This local name is then used to reference the accessed module throughout the code.

What’s the Difference Between ImportError and ModuleNotFoundError?

What’s the difference between ImportError and ModuleNotFoundError?

Python defines an error hierarchy, so some error classes inherit from other error classes. In our case, the ModuleNotFoundError is a subclass of the ImportError class.

You can see this in this screenshot from the docs:

You can also check this relationship using the issubclass() built-in function:

>>> issubclass(ModuleNotFoundError, ImportError)
True

Specifically, Python raises the ModuleNotFoundError if the module (e.g., lxml) cannot be found. If it can be found, there may be a problem loading the module or some specific files within the module. In those cases, Python would raise an ImportError.

If an import statement cannot import a module, it raises an ImportError. This may occur because of a faulty installation or an invalid path. In Python 3.6 or newer, this will usually raise a ModuleNotFoundError.

Related Videos

The following video shows you how to resolve the ImportError:

The following video shows you how to import a function from another folder—doing it the wrong way often results in the ModuleNotFoundError:

How to Fix “ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ‘lxml’” in PyCharm

If you create a new Python project in PyCharm and try to import the lxml library, it’ll raise the following error message:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/.../main.py", line 1, in <module>
    import lxml
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'lxml'

Process finished with exit code 1

The reason is that each PyCharm project, per default, creates a virtual environment in which you can install custom Python modules. But the virtual environment is initially empty—even if you’ve already installed lxml on your computer!

Here’s a screenshot exemplifying this for the pandas library. It’ll look similar for lxml.

The fix is simple: Use the PyCharm installation tooltips to install Pandas in your virtual environment—two clicks and you’re good to go!

First, right-click on the pandas text in your editor:

Second, click “Show Context Actions” in your context menu. In the new menu that arises, click “Install Pandas” and wait for PyCharm to finish the installation.

The code will run after your installation completes successfully.

As an alternative, you can also open the Terminal tool at the bottom and type:

$ pip install lxml

If this doesn’t work, you may want to set the Python interpreter to another version using the following tutorial: https://www.jetbrains.com/help/pycharm/2016.1/configuring-python-interpreter-for-a-project.html

You can also manually install a new library such as lxml in PyCharm using the following procedure:

• Open File > Settings > Project from the PyCharm menu.
• Select your current project.
• Click the Python Interpreter tab within your project tab.
• Click the small + symbol to add a new library to the project.
• Now type in the library to be installed, in your example Pandas, and click Install Package.
• Wait for the installation to terminate and close all popup windows.

Here’s an analogous example:

Here’s a full guide on how to install a library on PyCharm.

• How to Install a Library on PyCharm

Have installed required module lxml but when imported, errors ImportError: No module named lxml

How do I know

1. From which location python modules are being considered?
2. Which python version and pip is in use or set ?

Please help me to understand and resolve this issue.

uname -a
Linux machine-name 4.4.0-31-generic #50~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jul 13 01:07:32 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

which python
/usr/local/bin/python

which pip
/usr/local/bin/pip

pip --version
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/constant_time.py:26: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: Support for your Python version is deprecated. The next version of cryptography will remove support. Please upgrade to a release (2.7.7+) that supports hmac.compare_digest as soon as possible.
  utils.PersistentlyDeprecated2018,
pip 18.1 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip (python 2.7)

python
Python 2.7.16 (default, May  6 2020, 13:05:58) 
[GCC 4.8.4] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> import urllib2
>>> os.path.abspath(urllib2.__file__)
'/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.pyc'

echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games

echo $PYTHONPATH
doesn't display anything (empty)


ls -ls /usr/bin/python*

   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9  /usr/bin/python -> python2.7
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16  /usr/bin/python-config -> python2.7-config
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9  /usr/bin/python2 -> python2.7
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16  /usr/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
3264 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3341288  /usr/bin/python2.7
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      33  /usr/bin/python2.7-config -> x86_64-linux-gnu-python2.7-config
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9  /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.4
3628 -rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 3714088  /usr/bin/python3.4
3628 -rwxr-xr-x 2 root root 3714088  /usr/bin/python3.4m
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      10  /usr/bin/python3m -> python3.4m
   
ls -ls /usr/local/bin/python*
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9  /usr/local/bin/python -> python2.7
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      14  /usr/local/bin/python-config -> python2-config
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       7  /usr/local/bin/python.orig -> python2
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root       9  /usr/local/bin/python2 -> python2.7
   0 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root      16  /usr/local/bin/python2-config -> python2.7-config
8280 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 8478000  /usr/local/bin/python2.7
   4 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root    1687  /usr/local/bin/python2.7-config

find /bin /usr /lib* /home -type f -name "pip*" -executable
/usr/local/bin/pip
/usr/local/bin/pip2.7
/usr/local/bin/pip2
/usr/bin/pip
/usr/bin/pip2

/usr/bin/pip install lxml
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): lxml in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Cleaning up...

/usr/bin/pip2 install lxml
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): lxml in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Cleaning up...

/usr/local/bin/pip2 install lxml
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/constant_time.py:26: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: Support for your Python version is deprecated. The next version of cryptography will remove support. Please upgrade to a release (2.7.7+) that supports hmac.compare_digest as soon as possible.
  utils.PersistentlyDeprecated2018,
Requirement already satisfied: lxml in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (4.6.3)

/usr/local/bin/pip2.7 install lxml
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/constant_time.py:26: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: Support for your Python version is deprecated. The next version of cryptography will remove support. Please upgrade to a release (2.7.7+) that supports hmac.compare_digest as soon as possible.
  utils.PersistentlyDeprecated2018,
Requirement already satisfied: lxml in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (4.6.3)

/usr/local/bin/pip install lxml
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/constant_time.py:26: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: Support for your Python version is deprecated. The next version of cryptography will remove support. Please upgrade to a release (2.7.7+) that supports hmac.compare_digest as soon as possible.
  utils.PersistentlyDeprecated2018,
Requirement already satisfied: lxml in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (4.6.3)

sudo pip install lxml
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/constant_time.py:26: CryptographyDeprecationWarning: Support for your Python version is deprecated. The next version of cryptography will remove support. Please upgrade to a release (2.7.7+) that supports hmac.compare_digest as soon as possible.
  utils.PersistentlyDeprecated2018,
The directory '/home/abcd/.cache/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/home/abcd/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
Requirement already satisfied: lxml in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (4.6.3)

python -m pip install lxml
/usr/local/bin/python: No module named pip

python
Python 2.7.16 (default, May  6 2020, 13:05:58) 
[GCC 4.8.4] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import lxml
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named lxml

import sys
print("n".join(sys.path))

/usr/local/lib/python27.zip
/usr/local/lib/python2.7
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-tk
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-old
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages