Recover lost files on windows 10

1. If necessary, download and launch the app from Microsoft Store.

2. Press the Windows key, enter Windows File Recovery in the search box, and then select Windows File Recovery.

3. When you are prompted to allow the app to make changes to your device, select Yes.

4. In the Command Prompt window, enter the command in the following format: 

   winfr source-drive: destination-drive: [/mode] [/switches]

5. There are 2 basic modes you can use to recover files: Regular and Extensive. 

   Regular mode examples  

   Recover your Documents folder from your C: drive to the recovery folder on an E: drive. Don’t forget the backslash () at the end of the folder.  

   Winfr C: E: /regular /n Users<username>Documents 

   Recover PDF and Word files from your C: drive to the recovery folder on an E: drive. 

   Winfr C: E: /regular /n *.pdf /n *.docx 

   Extensive mode examples  

   Recover any file with the string «invoice» in the filename by using wildcard characters. 

   Winfr E: C: /extensive /n *invoice* 

   Recover jpeg and png photos from your Pictures folder to the recovery folder on an E: drive. 

   Winfr C: E: /extensive /n Users<username>Pictures*.JPEG /nUsers<username>Pictures*.PNG 

   The source and destination drives must be different. When recovering from the operating system drive (often C: ), use the /n <filter> switches to specify the user files or folder. 
   Microsoft automatically creates a recovery folder for you called, Recovery_<date and time> on the destination drive. 

6. When you are prompted for confirmation to continue, enter Y to start the recovery operation. Depending on the size of your source drive, this may take a while. To stop the recovery process, press Ctrl + C. 

The following information can help you decide which file system you have and which mode to use. 

File systems

There are several file systems supported by Windows that vary depending on the storage device or operating system. Recovering files from non-NTFS file systems is only supported by extensive mode. To see which file system you have, right click a drive in File Explorer and select Properties. 

Deciding which mode to use

Use the following table to help you decide which mode to use. If you are not sure, start with Regular mode.

General syntax

The following table summarizes what each advanced switch is used for.

Advanced syntax

The following table summarizes what each advanced switch is used for.

File extension filter list

The following file types are filtered from results by default. Use the /e switch to disable this filter or the /e:<extension> filter to specify file types not to filter.

_, adm, admx, appx, appx, ascx, asm, aspx, aux, ax, bin, browser, c, cab, cat cdf-ms, catalogItem, cdxm, cmake, cmd, coffee, config, cp, cpp, cs, cshtm, css, cur, dat, dll, et, evtx, exe, fon, gpd, h, hbakedcurve, htm, htm, ico, id, ildl, ilpdb, iltoc, iltocpdb, in, inf, inf_loc, ini, js, json, lib, lnk, log, man, manifest, map, metadata, mf, mof, msc, msi, mui, mui, mum, mun, nls, npmignore, nupkg, nuspec, obj, p7s, p7x, pak, pckdep, pdb, pf, pkgdef, plist, pnf, pp, pri, props, ps1, ps1xm, psd1, psm1, py, resjson, resw, resx, rl, rs, sha512, snippet, sq, sys, t4, targets, th, tlb, tmSnippet, toc, ts, tt, ttf, vb, vbhtm, vbs, vsdir, vsix, vsixlangpack, vsixmanifest, vstdir, vstemplate, vstman, winmd, xam, xbf, xm, xrm-ms, xs, xsd, ym

Can you give some tips to help me use the correct syntax?  

• Always use drive letters in the source and destination path, don’t forget the colon (:) after the drive letter, and make sure there is a space between the source and destination.

• When you specify just a folder name, such as /n Myfolder, add a backslash () at the end of it.

• If a file or folder name has spaces, surround it with quotes. For example:

winfr C: E: /regular /n «Users<username>DocumentsQuarterly Statement.docx» 

What does <username> mean in the command examples? 

In the File Explorer address bar, enter C:users to see a list of potential users on your computer. There may be several users on your computer, including you, the administrator, and the default account. When you see <username> in a file path, it is a placeholder for the current username on your computer. 

Why am I getting this message: «Source and Destination cannot refer to the same physical partition?» 

The source and destination drive or partition path should not be the same. If you only have one drive, use a USB or external hard drive as your destination path. Don’t create a partition after losing data, because this reduces the chance of a successful recovery. 

Why does the recovery operation take so long? 

​Depending on the size of the disk, it may take some time to recover the file, especially if you are using Extensive mode. 

Why are additional files recovered from my operating system drive? 

Behind the scenes, Windows is constantly creating and deleting files. By default, Windows File Recovery filters out these files, but some slip through. To prevent this, use the /n <filter> as per examples in this article. 

What is the $Recycle.Bin folder? 

For NTFS and segment modes, you may also see lost files recovered from the Recycle Bin (files either in the recycle bin or that were permanently deleted) with the name $files.xxx and stored in a folder called $RECYCLE.BIN. 

What happens if the destination drive is full? 

If you see the following message: »Destination disk is full, please free up space before resuming: (R)esume, (S)kip file, or (A)bort,» free up drive space on the destination drive, and then choose one of the options. 

I was not able to recover the file, now what? 

If you used Regular mode, try again in extensive mode if the file type is supported. It’s possible that the free space was overwritten, especially on a solid-state drive (SSD). If you need help, contact your administrator. 

1. If necessary, download and launch the app from Microsoft Store.

2. Press the Windows key, enter Windows File Recovery in the search box, and then select Windows File Recovery.

3. When you are prompted to allow the app to make changes to your device, select Yes.

4. In the Command Prompt window, enter the command in the following format:

   winfr source-drive: destination-drive: [/switches]

   The source and destination drives must be different. When recovering from the operating system drive (often C: ), use the /n <filter> and /y:<type<(s)> switches to specify the user files or folder.

   Microsoft automatically creates a recovery folder for you called Recovery_<date and time> on the destination drive.

   There are three modes you can use to recover files: Default, Segment, and Signature.

   Default mode examples

   Recover a specific file from your C: drive to the recovery folder on an E: drive.

   winfr C: E: /n Users<username>DocumentsQuarterlyStatement.docx

   
   Recover jpeg and png photos from your Pictures folder to the recovery folder on an E: drive.

   winfr C: E: /n Users<username>Pictures*.JPEG /n Users<username>Pictures*.PNG

   
   Recover your Documents folder from your C: drive to the recovery folder on an E: drive.

   winfr C: E: /n Users<username>Documents

   Don’t forget the backslash () at the end of the folder.

   Segment mode examples (/r)

   Recover PDF and Word files from your C: drive to the recovery folder on an E: drive.

   winfr C: E: /r /n *.pdf /n *.docx

   
   Recover any file with the string «invoice» in the filename by using wildcard characters.

   winfr C: E: /r /n *invoice*

   Signature mode examples (/x)

   When using signature mode, it’s helpful to first see the supported extension groups and corresponding file types.

   
   Recover JPEG (jpg, jpeg, jpe, jif, jfif, jfi) and PNG photos from your C: drive to the recovery folder on an E: drive.

   winfr C: E: /x /y:JPEG,PNG

   
   Recover ZIP files (zip, docx, xlsx, ptpx, and so on) from your C: drive to the recovery folder on an E: drive.

   winfr C: E:RecoveryTest /x /y:ZIP

5. When you are prompted for confirmation to continue, enter Y to start the recovery operation.

   Depending on the size of your source drive, this may take a while.

   To stop the recovery process, press Ctrl+C.

The following information can help you decide which file system you have and which mode to use.

File systems

There are several file systems supported by Windows that vary depending on the storage device or operating system. Recovering files from non-NTFS file systems is only supported in signature mode. To see which file system you have, right click a drive in File Explorer and select Properties.

Deciding which mode to use

Use the following table to help you decide which mode to use. If you’re not sure, start with the default mode.

Signature mode extension groups and file types

The following table summarizes the extension groups and the supported file types for each group when you use the /y:<type(s)> switch 

General syntax

The following table summarizes what each basic command line parameter and switch is used for.

Advanced syntax

The following table summarizes what each advanced switch is used for.

Can you give some tips to help me use correct syntax?

Here are some suggestions:

• Always use drive letters in the source and destination path, don’t forget the colon (:) after the drive letter, and make sure there is a space between the source and destination.

• If a switch has a colon, such as /y:, don’t add a space between the colon and the rest of the value.

• When you specify just a folder name, such as /n Myfolder, add a backslash () at the end of it.

• If a file or folder name has spaces, surround it with quotes. For example:

  winfr C: E: /n «Users<username>DocumentsQuarterly Statement.docx»

• To stop the recovery process, press Ctrl+C.

What does <username> mean in the command examples?

In the File Explorer address bar, enter C:users to see a list of potential users on your computer. There may be several users on your computer, including you, the administrator, and the default account. When you see <username> in a file path, it is a placeholder for the current username on your computer.

Why am I getting this message: «Source and Destination cannot refer to the same physical partition?»

The source and destination drive or partition path should not be the same. If you only have one drive, use a USB or external hard drive as your destination path. Don’t create a partition after losing data, because this reduces the chance of a successful recovery.

Why does the recovery operation take so long?

​Depending on the size of the disk, it may take some time to recover the file, especially if you are using signature mode.

Why are additional files recovered from my operating system drive?

Behind the scenes, Windows is constantly creating and deleting files. By default, Windows File Recovery filters out these files, but some slip through. To prevent this, use the /n <filter> switch in default and segment modes and the /y:<type(s)> switch in signature mode.

What is the $Recycle.Bin folder?

For default and segment modes, you may also see lost files recovered from the Recycle Bin (files either in the recycle bin or that were permanently deleted) with the name $files.xxx and stored in a folder called $RECYCLE.BIN.

What happens if the destination drive is full?

If you see the following message: «Destination disk is full, please free up space before resuming: (R)esume, (S)kip file, or (A)bort», Free up drive space on the destination drive, and then choose one of the options.

I was not able to recover the file, now what?

If you used default or segment mode, try again in signature mode if the file type is supported. It’s possible that the free space was over-written, especially on a solid state drive (SSD). If you need help, contact your administrator.

Losing your precious data is easy. One absent-minded click and your files will be gone quicker than a coin in a magic trick. Thankfully, there are several ways to restore deleted files on Windows 10. It’s almost guaranteed that at least one of those methods will help you get your data back.

Quick Navigation

Method 1: Restore Deleted Files From the Windows 10 Recycle Bin

Most users delete files by selecting them and then either right-clicking and choosing Delete or hitting Delete on the keyboard. On modern operating systems like Windows 10, this doesn’t erase a file. It moves it to the Recycle Bin. If you act immediately, undoing that mistake can be easy.

1. Open the recycle bin. You can do it by either right-clicking on its icon and choosing that option (open) or double-clicking on it.
2. Locate the file you want to save from its impending deletion.
3. Right-click on it and choose Restore from the pop-up menu that appears.

After that, your files will move from the Recycle Bin back to their original location.

Method 2: Quickly Auto-Recover Deleted Files From Windows 10’s Recycle Bin With CTRL+Z

There’s an even easier way to get your files back from the Recycle Bin than the process above. However, you should only use it right after deleting a file, and only if:

1. You are still in the Windows Explorer window from where you deleted the file.
2. You are absolutely sure it was moved to the recycle bin.

To get your file back, press CTRL + Z, and hey presto, it will be back where it originally was. At least, theoretically.

Practically, this isn’t some magical shortcut that brings files back from the dead, but a command to undo your last action. In Windows from Build 19041/Version 2004 onward, Microsoft decided to present it as a file-saving solution. If you right-click on a blank spot of the Windows Explorer window from where you deleted a file, you’ll see the option to Undo Delete on the menu that pops up.

Method 3: Bring Back Hidden Files and Fix Garbled Filesystems on Windows 10

Sometimes you may not lose your files because of a deletion, but instead, lose access to them. A virus infection, a filesystem corruption, or some other problem can render them invisible or inaccessible. Depending on the type of problem, two command-line tools might help you regain access to your files: chkdsk and attrib.

Thanks to those two nifty tools that come with Windows, regaining access to your lost files might be a single command away. However, if your files were really deleted, you’ll have to look into one of the solutions that follow instead.

Method 4: Windows File Recovery: Microsoft’s Official Windows 10 File Recovery Solution

If you are on one of the latest versions of Windows (Version 2004 or newer), you can use Windows File Recovery. It’s another command-line tool, which you will have to use through Powershell or the command prompt. Still, it’s a pretty straightforward affair.

1. Press the Windows key and start typing “Store”. Then, choose the Microsoft Store entry that appears. When there, perform a search for “Windows File Recovery“. Click the “Install” button to get the application.
2. Open either PowerShell or the Command Prompt with administrative privileges, as we saw before.
3. If you’re trying to restore files from a non-corrupted NTFS drive, type:

   winfr SOURCE_DRIVE DESTINATION_DRIVE /regular

   An actual version of the command to recover files from the system drive “C” to a backup drive “J” would be:

   winfr C: J: /regular

1. Do you want to recover only files of a specific file type? Add “/n *.FILE_EXTENSION” at the end of the command above. For example, to undelete your lost TXT, Doc, and PDF files from drive “D” to drive “Q”, you could type:

   winfr D: Q: /extensive /n *.txt /n *.doc /n *.pdf

   

2. The above commands automatically create a recovery directory. You’ll find it in the specified target drive, with the time and date in its name. You can specify the recovery directory’s name by stating a full target path instead of only a drive letter. This would look like:

   winfr C: E:RecoverDir

   In this particular example, “RecoverDir” is the name of a folder in the “E” drive.

3. Winfr also offers two more advanced modes for recovering files: segment and signature mode. You can choose the first one by adding an “/r” switch and the second with “/x“. Unlike the default mode, they don’t rely on the hard drive’s Master Boot Record (MBR) and can recover more files. However, signature mode can only recover a small group of filetypes, like images stored as JPG or PNG files. To check out the supported filetypes, use the command “winfr /#” (without quotation marks).

Still, Windows File Recovery is a somewhat restricted tool and sometimes manages to restore everything but the files you wanted. That’s when it’s worth trying a third-party solution.

Method 5: Undelete Files on Windows 10 Using Third-party Data Recovery Software

Didn’t Microsoft’s Windows File Recovery bring back the files you wanted? That’s when it’s time to try a more established solution. We usually go for Disk Drill, which combines powerful recovery algorithms with outstanding ease-of-use.

1. Visit Disk Drill’s official site. From there, download and install the application. Then, run it, and answer positively when asked if you want to allow it to make changes to your device.
2. Choose the storage device you want to scan for lost files from the main list at the center of Disk Drill’s window. You might have more than one on your computer. Then, click on “Search for lost data” at the bottom right.
3. Disk Drill will immediately start scanning your storage device. It will also present a summary of the lost files it’s located and can recover, updated in realtime. You can check them out while the process is still underway by clicking on “Review found items” at the top right.
4. Did Disk Drill find the files you want to recover before the scanning process completed? You can stop the scanning process by clicking on “Stop scanning” on the top left of the window. Then, proceed with their recovery. Look at the list of found files and “tick” on the left of the ones you want recovered. If they’re not among the results, give Disk Drill’s scanning some more time. Note that you can resume the scanning process if you’ve stopped it.
5. Stop the scanning process and choose the files you want to recover. A blue “Recover” button will be enabled on the bottom left of Disk Drill’s window. Click on it to move to the next step.
6. Disk Drill will ask you where you want to save your files. It’s better to choose a different device than the one from which you’re trying to recover your lost data.
7. Soon after, Disk Drill will inform you that the recovery process is complete. It will offer the option to check out the recovered files in Windows Explorer.
8. Disk Drill will have also kept your recovered files’ folder structure. Thus, you might have to look into the results folder’s subfolders to find them.

Despite Disk Drill’s impressive results, it’s better to be prepared. Another way to put this would be “it’s better to keep backups”. Thankfully, Microsoft equipped their latest OS with many backup solutions, through which you can recover deleted files on Windows 10.

Method 6: Pull Windows 10 Lost Data Out Of (File) History

Out of all the backup solutions included with Windows 10, File History is the one specializing in securing your personal files. However, as with all backup solutions, to recover your lost data on Windows 10 using it, you must have first set it up.

1. File History relies on a secondary storage device. Thus, the first step is connecting said device and ensuring it’s accessible and writable. For this guide, we’ll use a 16 GB USB flash drive.
2. Locate the File History options. To do that, either click on the start menu button, or press the Windows key on your keyboard, and start typing “file history“. When “Restore your files with File History” shows up, click on it.
3. File History will greet you with a blank page since it’s not enabled yet. Click on the underlined “Configure File History settings“.
4. File History will ask you to select a drive where it will store its backups. You can choose a drive from its list or select a network location – like a shared folder on another PC or a network drive. If you go for a network-accessible target, you should make sure that it’s always available for File History to save its backups. Avoid choosing something like another family member’s laptop that randomly turns on and off throughout the day.
5. File History will report that it’s turned on and using the target drive you selected. However, your files won’t be safe yet. File History will currently contain zero backups and won’t create one until it detects changes to your files. Thus, it’s better to create the first backup manually. Do that by clicking on the small blue “Run now” under your drive’s icon.
6. With backups available, restoring your files from File History is easy. Return to File History’s main page and click on “Restore personal files” from the menu on the left. File History will show you the contents of its latest snapshot. At the bottom of the window, two buttons for back and forward allow you to move between snapshots, offering access to different versions of your files.
7. You don’t have to recover everything from a snapshot. You can selectively choose files and folders by keeping the CTRL key pressed while clicking on them. Then, click on that big, friendly, green button at the bottom of the window to initiate the recovery process. When it completes, you will find your files back at their original location.
8. You can add more folders to File History apart from the default ones. However, keeping up with Microsoft’s tradition of unnecessarily complicating things, that’s done from a wholly different menu. Click on the start button or press the Windows key and start typing “Backup settings“. Choose that entry when it shows up.
9. Enable “Automatically backup my files” if it’s not already set to On. Then click on “More options” directly underneath.
10. Click on “Back up now” if you are informed that “Your data is not yet backed up” to create the first backup manually. You can also tweak the backup schedule from the drop-down menu underneath “Back up my files“. Under “Keep my backups“, a second drop-down menu allows you to indirectly define how much storage your backups will take by limiting their number. To include more folders in the backups, click on the “Add a folder” option, with a plus icon next to it, under “Back up these folders“.
11. If you scroll down below the folders list, you will find the option to exclude some folders from your backups. This is useful when you want a folder backed up, but not some of its subfolders. Right below is the option to “Stop using drive“, which will also stop File History from taking backups of your files in the future.
12. You can also access the contents of your File History backups directly from Windows Explorer. If you right-click on a folder or file that’s backed up, you’ll see an option to “Restore previous versions“. That’s a shortcut to the same window you’d get if you right-clicked a file or folder, chose Properties, and then moved to the “Previous Versions” tab.
13. From there, you can choose the version of the file or folder that you wish to restore. Then, click on the “Restore” button on the bottom right to get it back. If you don’t want to overwrite your current data, click on the down arrow on that button’s right and choose “Restore to…” instead. Then, select where you want your files recovered. You can also directly open a previous version of a file using the “Open” button instead.

Method 7: Recover Lost Files on Windows 10 With Backup and Restore (Windows 7)

This title makes more sense when you realize we are not talking about Windows 7 itself. Instead, “Backup and Restore” is the name of another backup solution included in Windows 10, kept from the previous version of Microsoft’s operating system.

Unlike File History, Backup and Restore can also keep backups of the operating system. It’s also closer to a classic backup solution: it doesn’t present its backups as a snapshot sequence, and you have to choose from where to restore your data manually.

As its name hints, to restore your files with Backup and Restore, you first need to have them backed up.

1. Visit Windows 10’s Control Panel. For a quick jump there, either press the start button or press the Windows key on your keyboard and start typing its name. Then, choose it when it shows up. From there, click on “Backup and Restore” under System and Security.
2. Windows will inform you that “Windows Backup has not been set up”. Click on the “Set up backup” on the right.
3. Choose the drive where you want to save your backup. Like before, you should choose a secondary drive with enough space or a network location. Keep in mind that backing up your whole operating system can take up as much space as its partition, or even more. Then, click on Next.
4. There’s a caveat with network locations: Windows might inform you that it can’t save a system image there, forcing you to select a local drive. You can choose what to back up. Your user account’s library folders will be preselected, to which you can manually add folders from your computer’s storage devices.
5. Depending on what you’ve decided to backup, the process can take a while. Even more so if you chose to keep a system image, which means backing up everything in the operating system’s partition.
6. Are you running out of storage space? By clicking on “Manage space” and then clicking on the “View backups…” button, on the right of the new window that will pop up, you can check out the available backups and the space each of them eats up from your storage. You can remove some of them to get back some storage space by selecting them and then clicking on the “Delete” button on the right of their list.
7. Ready to restore your files from those backups? Return to the “Backup and Restore” main page. Then, click on “Restore my files” on the bottom right.
8. You can choose from which backup you want to restore your files by clicking on “Choose a different date”. You can also select the files and folders you want to recover using the “Search…“, “Browse for files“, and “Browse for folders” options on the right. You can add multiple entries to the Restore Files list.
9. The next step is choosing where you want to restore your files. You can have them return to their original location or choose a different folder. One final click on the “Restore” button on the bottom right of the window, and soon you will have your files back.
10. If you chose to recover your files to their original location, you will probably meet some conflicts. “Conflicts” as in files being recovered with the same name and to the same spot as existing ones. You can have your recovered files replace the current versions (“Copy and Replace”), skip their recovery (“Don’t copy”), or have them automatically renamed and keep both instances (“Copy, but keep both files”).

As we will see right next, if you take full system image backups frequently, you don’t also have to back up your personal files individually. As long as a system image backup includes those files, even if the process is somewhat convoluted, you can extract them manually.

Method 8: Extract Lost Files on Windows 10 From a System Image Backup

All the solutions we saw up to now deal with individual files and folders, but what happens if you only have a full system image available? In such a scenario, you can “pull out” individual files and folders from it as follows:

1. Fire up your favorite file manager. For most people, this means Windows Explorer. Then, point it to the location where your system image backups are stored. Enter the folder “WindowsImageBackup” that you will find there.
2. Windows will bug you that you don’t have permission to access this folder. However, you can simply click on “Continue” to proceed. Note that you will have to repeat this step for every subfolder that you are trying to access.
3. Each system image backup will be stored in a folder with its time and date. Inside those, you will find multiple other files. Turn your attention towards the larger one, with a size close to that of your full operating system’s partition. Right-click on it and choose “Mount” from the menu that shows up. This backup’s contents should now be accessible from a new drive letter, from Windows Explorer, like any other drive. If they’re not, move to the next step.
4. Didn’t the previous step give you access to the contents of your system image backup through Windows Explorer? Try a different approach for mounting the backup image. Click on the start button or press the Windows key on your keyboard and start typing “Disk Management“. Choose that entry when it shows up. From there, click on the second menu, “Action“, and choose “Attach VHD“, then your backup image.
5. The image file you selected will show up as another disk in Disk Management’s lists. Right-click on it and choose “Change Drive Letter and Paths…“, then select a drive letter that you’d like to (temporarily) assign to that image file, from where you will have access to its contents.
6. Open your favorite file manager and visit the drive letter assigned to your image file. Inside you’ll find a clone of everything in your operating system’s partition from when the backup was created. You can navigate into its subfolders, locate the files you’d like to recover, and copy them anywhere you wish.

Although other approaches are more straightforward for backing-up and recovering your personal files, if you’ve never set one up, being able to pull your files out of a system image backup can be a lifesaver.

FAQ

Be Prepared: The Best Way to Deal With Lost Files on Windows 10 (and Any Other OS)

Unfortunately, the web is filled with misinformation on how to recover deleted files on Windows 10. Misinformation which can even lead to further data loss. Thankfully, the solutions we saw can help you recover all your lost files on Windows 10. They’re tried, tested, and guaranteed to work.

However, we’ll repeat that the best solution for such disasters is being prepared. When you eventually get your files back and have your operating system in order, make sure to set up a backup solution if you hadn’t already. And keep a recovery tool like Disk Drill, or Windows File Recovery installed and ready. You never know when it will come in handy.