The Windows Server 2012 R2 End of Life deadline (October 10, 2023) is almost here. After this date, Windows Server 2012 and 2012 R2 will stop receiving regular patches or critical security updates, making their security and compliance a serious concern.
As the upgrade process often takes upwards of a year, we urge users to not delay the transition any further. Microsoft recommends the latest upgradable version, which for Windows Server 2012 or 2012 R2, would be Windows Server 2019.
The article below discusses mainstream and extended support, end of support, what you should do if you have to keep using Windows Server 2012 / 2012 R2 past the end of life, and more.
Windows Server 2012 and 2012 R2 follow the Fixed Lifecycle Policy, as per which Microsoft provides 5 years of Mainstream Support and 5 years of Extended Support.
A product receives all types of updates and support during the Mainstream support period, whereas during the Extended Support period, it stops receiving non-security updates. After the Extended Support period ends, a product reaches the final phase i.e., End of Support.
If necessary, users can opt-in to a premium plan called Extended Security Update to keep receiving updates and support for up to 3 years after the Extended Support period ends. But for those not on this program, there will be no patches or security updates after the product reaches the End of Support.
Mainstream Support
The Mainstream Support phase refers to the first 5 years of a product’s life cycle. During this period, the product receives feature updates, security patches, and service packs. Users can also request non-security updates, incident support, or product feature changes.
For Windows Server 2012 R2, the Mainstream Support phase was from 11/25/2013 to 10/9/2018.
Extended Support
The Extended Support phase refers to the latter 5 years of a product’s lifecycle. During this period, a product only receives security updates, and users can no longer request new design changes or non-security updates.
Windows Server 2012 R2 is currently in the Extended Support phase.
End of Support
As stated, after a product reaches the End of Life phase, Microsoft will stop providing most forms of updates and support for it, making it a security risk.
For customers who are still in the upgrading process or those who need to keep using legacy products, Microsoft offers one final option: the Extended Security Update (ESU) program.
The Windows Server 2012 R2 End of Life date is 10/10/2023.
Extended Security Update (ESU)
ESU is basically a premium plan under which users will keep receiving critical security updates for up to 3 years after the Extended Support phase ends. If you choose to migrate to Azure, you’ll receive these updates for free.
But for those running Windows Server on-premises, you’ll need to purchase the Extended Security Updates annually. The cost for this will be a certain percentage of the cost of the latest Windows Server version, as shown in the table below.
| Year | Start Date | End Date | Price |
| Extended Security Update Year 1 | Oct 11, 2023 | Oct 8, 2024 | 75% of License Cost |
| Extended Security Update Year 2 | Oct 9, 2024 | Oct 14, 2025 | 100% of License Cost |
| Extended Security Update Year 3 | Oct 15, 2025 | Oct 13, 2026 | 125% of License Cost |
The upside to this plan is that you won’t need to worry about your server’s security while you transition, and as you upgrade parts of your server, you won’t need to keep paying for it in the following year.
On the other hand, the downside is that if you opt into this plan late (2nd or 3rd year), you’ll need to pay for the previous years’ updates as well.
For any further queries, we recommend visiting Microsoft’s Extensive FAQ page, Extended Security Updates FAQ, and Windows Server 2012 End of Support.
Which Windows Server Version Should You Upgrade To?
Windows Server can be upgraded through a max of two versions. The latest upgradeable version for Windows Server 2012 R2 is Windows Server 2019.
Why Can’t I Just Keep Using Windows Server 2012 R2?
As stated, once Windows Server 2012 and 2012 R2 reach the EOL phase, they will no longer receive critical security updates. This puts them at an increased risk of cyber-attacks and noncompliance. The option to receive a few more years of security updates comes attached with a premium.
To add to this, the newer versions like Windows Server 2019 and 2022 simply offer way more features and better performance.
And if you’re still not sold on moving away from Windows Server 2012 R2, this article on Vulnerability Exploitation might change your mind.
How to Upgrade Windows Server 2012 R2 to Windows Server 2019?
There are numerous ways to deploy a new Windows Server. But when we say upgrade, we’re specifically talking about an in-place upgrade. An in-place upgrade is the best option for most people as you can upgrade while keeping the same old hardware and configurations.
We recommend reading Windows Server 2012 R2 to 2019 for step-by-step instructions on what to do before, during, and after the upgrade process.
Executive Summary
- Windows Server 2012 R2 is an iterative release of the Server 2012 operating system, original released in October 2013.
- Server 2012 R2’s end-of-life roadmap technically began with the end of its “mainstream support” in October 2018, and it’s currently in its “extended support” phase, which goes on until October 2023.
- After October 2023, businesses still using Microsoft Server 2012 R2 will no longer receive critical security updates and patches, so we recommend updating your server operating system before then.
Introduction
Windows Server is the unsung hero of Microsoft’s operating system line-up.
While Windows gets all of the accolades, Windows Server is something of a hidden workhorse, especially for businesses.
If you have an on-site network based on a Windows network, there’s a good chance you also have a server with a flavour of Windows Server running on it.
While server operating systems do have very long product lifecycles – 10 years on average – it’s also easy to miss these key dates. With that in mind, let’s consider one particular version of Microsoft’s server OS, Windows Server 2012 R2, and its upcoming “true” end-of-life status.
What do mean by that? And what’s the difference between mainstream and extended support?
Let’s find out.
When does Windows Server 2012 R2 go end-of-life?
Unlike its higher-profile software offerings, like Microsoft 365, Microsoft has a specific lifecycle for its Windows Server products.
More specifically, these operating systems are released under what’s known as Microsoft’s Long Term Servicing Channel (LTSC). In a nutshell, this means that each product is supported for 10 years: the first 5 of which are known as mainstream support, and the second 5 known as extended support.
Microsoft Server 2012 R2, having originally been launched in October 2013, completed its mainstream support phase in October 2018. At this point it technically became an “end-of-life” product, because it was no longer being fully supported or feature-enhanced by Microsoft.
As of October 2018, Server 2012 R2 entered its “extended support” phase, which will end in October 2023. But what does that really mean?
Mainstream Support vs. Extended Support
To define extended support, we also need to define mainstream support.
The key difference between the two different phases of Microsoft’s product lifecycles under the LTSC program are the level of support customers receive.
Here’s a simple breakdown of mainstream support vs. extended support for products such as the Windows Server range of operating systems:
- Mainstream support is essentially the glory days of a Microsoft product. It’s the first 5 years of the product’s lifespan and it’s being continually updated with new features, service packs, updates, fixes, and more. Microsoft also offers real-time support (i.e. phone support) during this phase. The earlier you invest in a product during its mainstream support phase, the more you’ll get out of it in the long-term – up to a decade, if you play your cards right.
- Extended support refers to the latter 5 years of product support per the LTSC system. It’s no longer the focus of the Microsoft team, and will likely have been succeeded by at least one more product in the meantime. During extended support, customers will only receive critical security updates and reliability patches. Non-security hotfixes will not be delivered unless the customer has an extended support agreement with Microsoft – and that comes at a cost.
What happens when Extended Support ends?
The most important thing to remember about extended support is that, once it’s expired, the product will be almost entirely unprotected by Microsoft. Even Microsoft themselves are clear and open about the risks of running a product beyond its end-of-life roadmap.
So, after October 2023, Windows Server 2012 R2 will no longer receive any security updates or critical patches for key exploits. You won’t even be able to pay for support anymore, as you can during extended support – the product is simply unsupported going forward.
The problem for businesses? Well, it’s almost certain that cyberattackers will be waiting patiently for the product’s extended support to end, at which point they will do all they can to find exploits.
If you continue running the server operating system, you’re exposing your data and your network to potential breaches.
Not sure about your business hardware’s lifecycle? We can help
If you’re operating a server without a dedicated IT resource and you’re unfamiliar with the ins-and-outs of server operating systems (don’t worry, not many people are), you might be unsure about how long it has left. Or perhaps you’re running Windows Server 2012 R2 and you’re concerned about the end of support on the horizon.
Either way, at Get Support, we offer comprehensive IT support agreements which include full IT hardware roadmaps, so we know exactly how much life your hardware has left on the clock.
For expert advice about your hardware, or to learn more about our IT support agreements, call the team today on 01865 59 4000 or fill in the form below.
Windows Server (formerly Windows NT Server) is a group of operating systems (OS) for servers by
Microsoft. The brand name was changed to Windows Server in 2003.
| Release | Released |
Active Support |
Security Support |
Extended Security Updates |
Latest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Windows Server 2022 (LTSC) |
1 year and 5 months ago
(18 Aug 2021) |
Ends in 3 years and 8 months (13 Oct 2026) |
Ends in 8 years (14 Oct 2031) |
Unavailable |
10.0.20348 |
|
Windows Server 20H2 |
2 years and 3 months ago
(20 Oct 2020) |
Ended 5 months and 4 weeks ago (09 Aug 2022) |
Ended 5 months and 4 weeks ago (09 Aug 2022) |
Unavailable |
10.0.19042 |
|
Windows Server 2004 |
2 years and 8 months ago
(27 May 2020) |
Ended 1 year and 1 month ago (14 Dec 2021) |
Ended 1 year and 1 month ago (14 Dec 2021) |
Unavailable |
10.0.19041 |
|
Windows Server 1909 |
3 years ago
(12 Nov 2019) |
Ended 1 year and 8 months ago (11 May 2021) |
Ended 1 year and 8 months ago (11 May 2021) |
Unavailable |
10.0.18363 |
|
Windows Server 1809 |
4 years ago
(13 Nov 2018) |
Ended 2 years and 2 months ago (10 Nov 2020) |
Ended 2 years and 2 months ago (10 Nov 2020) |
Unavailable |
10.0.17763 |
|
Windows Server 2019 (LTSC) |
4 years ago
(13 Nov 2018) |
Ends in 11 months (09 Jan 2024) |
Ends in 5 years and 11 months (09 Jan 2029) |
Unavailable |
10.0.17763 |
|
Windows Server 1903 |
4 years and 8 months ago
(21 May 2018) |
Ended 2 years ago (08 Dec 2020) |
Ended 2 years ago (08 Dec 2020) |
Unavailable |
10.0.18362 |
|
Windows Server 1803 |
4 years and 9 months ago
(30 Apr 2018) |
Ended 3 years ago (12 Nov 2019) |
Ended 3 years ago (12 Nov 2019) |
Unavailable |
10.0.17134 |
|
Windows Server 1709 |
5 years ago
(17 Oct 2017) |
Ended 3 years and 10 months ago (09 Apr 2019) |
Ended 3 years and 10 months ago (09 Apr 2019) |
Unavailable |
10.0.16299 |
|
Windows Server 2016 (LTSC) |
6 years ago
(15 Oct 2016) |
Ended 1 year ago (11 Jan 2022) |
Ends in 3 years and 11 months (12 Jan 2027) |
Unavailable |
10.0.14393 |
|
Windows Server 2012-R2 (LTSC) |
9 years ago
(25 Nov 2013) |
Ended 4 years ago (09 Oct 2018) |
Ends in 8 months (10 Oct 2023) |
Ends in 3 years and 8 months (13 Oct 2026) |
6.3.9600 |
|
Windows Server 2012 (LTSC) |
10 years ago
(30 Oct 2012) |
Ended 4 years ago (09 Oct 2018) |
Ends in 8 months (10 Oct 2023) |
Ends in 3 years and 8 months (13 Oct 2026) |
6.2.9200 |
|
Windows Server 2008-R2-SP1 (LTSC) |
11 years ago
(22 Feb 2011) |
Ended 8 years ago (13 Jan 2015) |
Ended 3 years ago (14 Jan 2020) |
Ended 3 weeks and 3 days ago (10 Jan 2023) |
6.1.7601 |
|
Windows Server 2008-SP2 (LTSC) |
13 years ago
(29 Apr 2009) |
Ended 8 years ago (13 Jan 2015) |
Ended 3 years ago (14 Jan 2020) |
Ended 3 weeks and 3 days ago (10 Jan 2023) |
6.0.6003 |
|
Windows Server 2003-SP2 (LTSC) |
19 years ago
(24 Apr 2003) |
Ended 12 years ago (13 Jul 2010) |
Ended 7 years ago (14 Jul 2015) |
Unavailable |
5.2.3790 |
|
Windows Server 2000 (LTSC) |
22 years ago
(17 Feb 2000) |
Ended 17 years ago (30 Jun 2005) |
Ended 12 years ago (13 Jul 2010) |
Unavailable |
5.0.2195 |
Servicing channels
Previously with Windows Server 2016 and Windows Server 2019 there have been two primary release channels available:
- Long-Term Servicing Channel (LTSC)
- Semi-Annual Channel (SAC)
The Windows Server Semi-Annual Channel (SAC) was retired on August 9, 2022. There will be no future SAC releases of Windows Server.
Long-Term Servicing Channel (LTSC)
With the Long-Term Servicing Channel, a new major version of Windows Server is released every 2-3 years. Users are entitled to 5 years of mainstream support and 5 years of extended support. The Long-Term Servicing Channel will continue to receive security and non-security updates, but it will not receive the new features and functionality.
Semi-Annual Channel (SAC)
Each release in this channel is supported for 18 months from the initial release. Most of the features introduced in the Semi-Annual Channel have been rolled up into the next Long-Term Servicing Channel release of Windows Server.
In this model, Windows Server releases were identified by the year and month of release: for example, in 2017, a release in the 9th month (September) would be identified as version 1709. Fresh releases of Windows Server in the Semi-Annual Channel occurred twice each year. The support lifecycle for each release is 18 months. Starting with fall 2020 (20H2) releases, the identification changed. Instead of a month, the release is named based on the release cycle. For example: version 20H2, for a release in the second half of the year 2020.
Extended Security Updates (ESU)
For some releases, customers also have the option to purchase Extended Security Updates (ESU).
It includes Critical and/or Important security updates for a maximum of three years after the
product’s End of Extended Support date. Customers can also get technical support for the ESU period
as long as they also have an active support plan.
More information is available on the Microsoft Windows Server website.
You should be running one of the supported release numbers listed above in the rightmost column.
You can check the version that you are currently using by running:
winver
You can submit an improvement to this page
on GitHub
. This page has a corresponding Talk Page.
A JSON version of this page is available at /api/windows-server.json.
See the API Documentation for more information.
You can subscribe to the iCalendar feed at /calendar/windows-server.ics.
This page was last updated on 24 January 2023.
Microsoft напомнила клиентам, что срок продленной поддержки Windows Server 2012/2012 R2 (EOS) истекает в следующем году, 10 октября 2023 года.
Выпущенная в октябре 2012 года, Windows Server 2012 уже десятый год используется, и уже более трех лет назад, 9 октября 2018 года, она уже достигла основной даты окончания.
Редмонд также сообщил сегодня, что Microsoft SQL Server 2012, система управления реляционными базами данных компании, будет упразднена 12 июля 2022 года, через десять лет после ее выпуска в мае 2012 года.
После достижения EOS Microsoft прекратит предоставлять техническую поддержку и исправления ошибок для недавно обнаруженных проблем, которые могут повлиять на удобство использования или стабильность серверов, на которых работают эти два продукта.
«Microsoft рекомендует клиентам переносить приложения и рабочие нагрузки в Azure для безопасной работы. Управляемый экземпляр Azure SQL полностью управляем и всегда обновляется (PaaS)», — говорится в сообщении компании.
«Клиенты также могут перейти на виртуальные машины Azure, включая выделенный хост Azure, решение Azure VMware и Azure Stack (Hub, HCI, Edge), чтобы бесплатно получить расширенные обновления безопасности на три года».
Microsoft рекомендует администраторам, которые хотят, чтобы их серверы работали и продолжали получать исправления ошибок и обновления безопасности, перейти на Windows Server 2019 и SQL Server 2019.
В июле 2021 года Редмонд также напомнил администраторам, что срок окончания расширенной поддержки Windows Server 2012 и SQL Server 2012 истекает через два года, и призвал их как можно скорее выполнить обновление, чтобы избежать пробелов в обеспечении соответствия требованиям и безопасности.
You may have heard us mention quite a while back in 2018 that server 2012 R2’s end-of-life road map was beginning and Microsoft were removing their mainstream support for this server. So why are we reminding you of this now, you may ask?! That is because the extended support phase that the server entered is coming to an end in October 2023, which will creep up on us much quicker than we think.
In essence, any business still using the Microsoft server 2012 R2 will no longer receive critical security updates and patches after October 2023. This means that any data stored on your server will be at a much higher risk of threat from hackers or cyber-attacks. Therefore, we recommend that you take a proactive approach and update your server operating system well in advance of this support removal.
When Does End-Of-Life Happen?
Microsoft’s higher-profile software solutions such as Microsoft 365 have quite a vague lifecycle as support tends to be ‘unlimited’ without having an actual time frame stated. With Windows server products, however, they have a much more specific lifecycle which we will now go into more detail about.
These more traditional operating systems are released under Microsoft’s ‘Long Term Servicing Channel (LTSC)’ which means product support is offered for 10 years. The first 5 years of support is termed ‘mainstream support’ and the latter 5 years are termed ‘extended support’. So how does this relate to server 2012 R2? Well, as the initial notice period for the end-of-life was given in 2018, this means it has now entered its ‘extended support’ phase until 2023.
What Happens After Extended Support Ends?
The line is quite black and white when the ‘extended support’ phase ends. Microsoft essentially rinse their hands of the product and there will be no support provided whatsoever, and the product will therefore be unprotected.
An unsupported operating system will no longer receive any security updates, official patches or bug fixes so it is incredibly insecure moving forward. So if you use Windows server 2012 R2 then you really need to think about shifting away from it sooner rather than later. An insecure network opens up lots of opportunities for cybercriminals to make their move and cause widespread damage. Not only are you exposing your network to potential breaches, but also the data stored on the network too.
Steps You Can Take
While you have got around 18 months to upgrade your server 2012 R2 if you are still running this, we would advise you to start thinking about this sooner rather than later. It may be that your entire IT infrastructure needs upgrading to the latest version, so it is always best to ensure you have time on your side.
How Old Are Your Servers?
It is worth noting that if you are using this outdated server then there may well be other IT infrastructure that you need to update at the same time. For example, if you haven’t upgraded your server operating system in the last 10 years then you will most likley need to upgrade your applications too. It is important to bring all IT systems up to date to reduce the risk of your business being prone to attack by hackers.
The team at Reality Solutions are experts when it comes to supporting businesses with their IT support and infrastructure, and we provide a no-obligation quote. If you are running server 2012 R2 then please give us a call today to discuss your options on 01482 828000.
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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Version of the Windows NT operating system | |
 |
|
Screenshot of Windows Server 2012 R2, showing the Server Manager application which is automatically opened when an administrator logs on, start button, taskbar, and the blue color of Aero Lite |
|
| Developer | Microsoft |
|---|---|
| OS family | Microsoft Windows |
| Working state | Current |
| Source model | Closed source / Shared source |
| Released to manufacturing |
August 27, 2013; 9 years ago[1] |
| General availability |
October 18, 2013; 9 years ago[2] |
| Latest release | 6.3 (Build 9600) / October 11, 2022; 3 months ago[3] |
| Marketing target | Business |
| Update method | Windows Update, Windows Server Update Services, SCCM |
| Platforms | x86-64 |
| Kernel type | Hybrid (Windows NT kernel) |
| Default user interface |
Windows shell (GUI) |
| License | Trialware |
| Preceded by | Windows Server 2012 |
| Succeeded by | Windows Server 2016 |
| Official website | www.microsoft.com/en-us/server-cloud/windows-server/default.aspx |
| Support status | |
|
Windows Server 2012 R2, codenamed «Windows Server Blue», is the seventh version of the Windows Server operating system by Microsoft, as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems. It was unveiled on June 3, 2013 at TechEd North America,[5] and released on October 18 of the same year.[2] It is the successor to Windows Server 2012, and is based on the Windows 8.1 codebase.
A further update, formally designated Windows Server 2012 R2 Update, was released in April 2014.[6] It is a cumulative set of security, critical and other updates.[7] Windows Server 2012 R2 is derived from the Windows 8.1 codebase, and runs only on 64-bit processors.
Windows Server 2012 R2 was succeeded by Windows Server 2016, which is derived from the Windows 10 codebase.
Features[edit]
The following features are introduced in Windows Server 2012 R2:
- Automated Tiering: Storage Spaces stores most frequently accessed files on fastest physical media[8]
- Deduplication for VHD: Reduces the storage space for VHD files with largely similar contents by storing the similar contents only once[8]
- Windows PowerShell v4, which now includes a Desired State Configuration (DSC) feature
- Integrated Office 365 support (Essentials edition)
- User interface changes reflecting Windows 8.1, including visible Start button.[9]
- UEFI-based virtual machines
- Upgrades from driver emulators to synthetic hardware drivers to minimize legacy support
- Faster VM deployment (approximately half the time)[10]
- Internet Information Services 8.5: Support for logging to Event Tracing for Windows and the ability to log any request/response headers. To improve scalability, if IIS is configured with 100 or more web sites, by default it will not automatically start any of them. Alongside this, a new «Idle Worker Process Page-Out» configuration option has been added to application pools to instruct Windows to page-out the process if it has been idle for the idle time-out period (by default, 20 minutes).[11]
- Server Message Block: Performance and event logging quality improvements, support for Hyper-V Live Migration over SMB, bandwidth prioritization management, and the ability to remove SMB 1.0 support[12]
- Windows Deployment Services: Support for managing WDS via PowerShell.[13]
- Windows Defender is available in a Server Core installation, and is installed and enabled by default.[14][dubious – discuss]
- IP Address Management (IPAM): Extended to support role-based access control, allowing for fine-grained control over which users can view or change configurations for DHCP reservations, scopes, IP address blocks, DNS resource records, etc. Additionally, IPAM can integrate with System Center Virtual Machine Manager 2012 R2 to have coordinated IP policy across both physical and virtual environments. The IPAM database can be stored in a SQL Server instance instead of Windows Internal Database.[15]
- Group Policy has a new «Policy Cache» setting which allows domain-joined machines to store a copy of the group policy settings on the client machine and, depending on the speed of access to the domain controller, use those at startup time instead of waiting for the policy settings to download. This can improve startup times on machines that are disconnected from the company network.[16] New Group Policy settings have been added to cover new features in Windows 8.1 and Internet Explorer 11, such as enabling/disabling SPDY/3 support, configuring start screen layouts, and detecting phone numbers in web pages.[17]
- TLS support is extended to support RFC 5077, «Transport Layer Security (TLS) Session Resumption without Server-Side State», which improves performance of long-running TLS-secured connections that need to reconnect due to session expiration.
- Hyper-V role and Hyper-V management console are added to the Essentials edition.[18]
- Windows Server Update Services was made available for Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials edition.[19]
- ReFS gained support for alternate data streams and automatic error-correction on parity spaces.[20]
Editions[edit]
According to the Windows Server 2012 R2 datasheet published on May 31, 2013, there are four editions of this operating system: Foundation, Essentials, Standard and Datacenter.[21] As with Windows Server 2012, the Datacenter and Standard editions are feature-identical, varying only based on licensing (particularly licensing of virtual instances). The Essentials edition has the same features as the Datacenter and Standard products, with some restrictions.[22]
See also[edit]
- Microsoft Servers
- Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions
- History of Microsoft Windows
- Comparison of operating systems
- List of operating systems
References[edit]
- ^ Anderson, Brad (27 August 2013). «Today is the RTM for Windows Server 2012 R2!». Enterprise Mobility and Security Blog. Microsoft.
- ^ a b Jeff Meisner (August 14, 2013). «Save the date: Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows System Center 2012 R2 and Windows Intune update coming Oct. 18 — The Official Microsoft Blog — Site Home — TechNet Blogs». TechNet Blogs. Retrieved February 10, 2014.
- ^ «October 11, 2022—KB5018474 (Monthly Rollup)». support.microsoft.com. October 11, 2022.
- ^ «Search product lifecycle – Windows Server 2012 R2». Microsoft.com. Retrieved December 27, 2018.
- ^ Damien Caro (June 10, 2013). «Windows Server 2012 R2–First look — Damien Caro’s Blog — Site Home — TechNet Blogs». Blogs.technet.com. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
- ^ «August updates for Windows 8.1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 — Windows Experience BlogWindows Experience Blog». blogs.windows.com.
- ^ «Windows Server 2012 R2 Update (KB2919355)». Microsoft Download Center.
- ^ a b Jackson, Joab (June 5, 2013). «Windows Server 2012 R2 bulks up on storage and networking». PC World. IDG. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- ^ Sams, Brad (June 25, 2013). «Windows 8.1 Start button revealed in Windows Server 2012 R2». Neowin.net. Neowin LLC. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- ^ Tulloch, Mitch (2013). Introducing Windows Server 2012 R2 (PDF) (Preview Release ed.). Redmond, Washington: Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-0-7356-8293-1. Retrieved September 19, 2013.
- ^ «What’s New in IIS 8.5?». Microsoft.
- ^ «What’s New for SMB in Windows Server 2012 R2».
- ^ «What’s New for Windows Deployment Services in Windows Server 2012 R2».
- ^ «What’s Changed in Security Technologies in Windows 8.1».
- ^ «What’s New in IPAM in Windows Server 2012 R2».
- ^ «What’s New in Group Policy in Windows Server 2012 R2». Microsoft.
- ^ «What’s new in Group Policy in Windows Server 2012 R2». Group Policy Central. 25 June 2013.
- ^ Fabritius, David (3 September 2013). «Understanding Licensing for Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials and the Windows Server Essentials Experience role». The Windows Server Essentials and Small Business Server Blog.
- ^ «Windows Server 2012 R2 Products and Editions Comparison». Download Center. Microsoft. 7 February 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2016.
- ^ «Resilient File System Overview». TechNet Library. Microsoft. 29 February 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2013.
- ^ «Cloud Optimize Your Business» (PDF). Microsoft. Retrieved August 2, 2013.
- ^ Mackie, Kurt (June 20, 2013). «Microsoft Enhancing Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials for SMBs». Redmondmag.com. Retrieved June 25, 2013.
Further reading[edit]
- Mackie, Kurt (June 20, 2013). «Microsoft Profiles Hyper-V Improvements in Windows Server 2012 R2». Redmondmag.com. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- «Best of TechEd 2013 – What’s New in Hyper-V in Windows Server 2012 R2 — IT Pros ROCK! at Microsoft — Site Home — TechNet Blogs». Blogs.technet.com. June 10, 2013. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- «Top Windows Server 2012 R2 Hyper-V Virtualization Features». Petri.co.il. June 3, 2013. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- Savill, John (June 3, 2013). «New Features Windows Server 2012 R2 | Windows Server 2012 content from». Windows IT Pro. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- Thurrott, Paul (June 7, 2013). «Windows Server 2012 Essentials R2 Preview | Windows Server 2012 content from Paul Thurrott’s SuperSite for Windows». Winsupersite.com. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
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